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Chapter 46
The Endocrine System
18
Biology
Undergraduate 1
02/04/2008

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Term
Hormone
Definition
Chemical substance formed in one part of the body, travels through the blood and affects function of cells elsewhere
Term
Endocrine Gland
Definition
Group of specialized cells that release hormones into the blood
Term
Exocrine Gland
Definition
Glands that secrete substances through ducts to surrounding surfaces
Term
Target Cells
Definition
Any cell that has a specific receptor for an antigen, antibody, hormone, or drug
Term
Catecholamines
Definition
Collective term for the major adrenomedullary hormones, including epinephrine, norepinephrine, and dopamine
Term
Paracrine
Definition
Hormones that affect cells in the vicinity of the emitting cell
Term
Prostaglandins
Definition
Any class of hormone-like, fat soluble, regulatory molecules made from fatty acids such as arachidonic acid
Term
NSAIDs (Non Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs)
Definition
A group of drugs such as aspiring and ibuprofen, used to reduce inflammation
Term
Steroid
Definition
Member of a large family of structurally similar lipid substances
Term
Diabetes insipidus
Definition
Condition characterized by frequent/heavy urination, excessive thirst, and an overall feeling of weakness
Term
Diabetes mellitus
Definition
Group of disorders in which there is a defect in the transfer of glucose from the bloodstream into cells
Term
Ecdysone
Definition
The molting hormone of insects
Term
Juvenile Hormone
Definition
Hormone secreted by insects from a pair of endocrine glands close to the brain; inhibits metamorphosis and maintains the larval features
Term
Parathyroid Hormone
Definition
Hormone that prevents the level of blood calcium from going to low
Term
Thyroxine
Definition
An iodine-containing hormone produced by the thyroid gland to regulate metabolism
Term
Hypothalamohypophisical Portal System
Definition
The portal system that exists in the brain, located between the hypothalamus and the anterior pituitary
Term
Hypophysis
Definition
Main endocrine gland; controls function of other endocrine glands
Term
Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals
Definition
Exogenous substances that act like hormones in the endocrine system, but disrupt the physiologic function of endogenous hormones
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