Term
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Definition
| The study of all carbon based organisms/compounds |
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Term
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Definition
Atomic number: 12
Atomic mass: 6
Valence -/+ 4 |
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Term
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Definition
compounds with only carbons and hydrogens.
major component of petroleum |
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Term
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Definition
molecules that have the same number of atoms and same type of atoms but a different structure
3 TYPES |
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Term
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Definition
| Just completely different structure |
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Term
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Definition
| The same except for two bonds which are switched from horizontal to diagonal (look at a diagram) |
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Term
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Definition
| Identical but mirror images so like a left and right hand |
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Term
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Definition
Hydroxil (OH)
Carbonyl (CO)
Carboxyl (COOH)
Amine (NH2, NH3)
Sulfulhydril (SH)
Phosphate (PO3, PO4) |
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Term
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Definition
-OH
ALCOHOL
POLAR
HYDROPHILIC |
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Term
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Definition
(CO) double bond
ACETONE, sugars
Keytone: middle
Aldehyde: edge
Hydrophilic |
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Term
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Definition
(NH2, NH3) AMINES
Proteins, Base
GLYCINE
Polar |
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Term
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Definition
(SH) THIOLS
Cysteine
Tertiary structure |
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Term
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Definition
(PO3, PO4)
PHOSPHATES
phospholipids, glycerol |
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Term
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Definition
(COOH)
Organic ACIDS
Polar
Hydrophilic |
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Term
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Definition
| long molecule of covalently bonded similar units/blocks |
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Term
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Definition
| repeated units that help build polymers |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which polymers are made (creates a water molecule) |
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Term
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Definition
| Process by which polymers are broken down (needs a water molecule) |
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Term
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Definition
Carbohydrates
Proteins
Lipids
Nucleic acid
(all but NA use dehydration and hydrolysis) |
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Term
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Definition
SUGARS
Monosaccharides
C6H1206
Disaccharides
C12H22O11
Polysaccharides |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
STARCH (plants)
GLYCOGEN (animals)
CELLULOSE (plant walls)
CHITIN (bug shells) |
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Term
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Definition
fats
phospholipids
steroids
all hydrophobic |
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Term
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Definition
Glycerol + Fatty Acids
Saturated- single bonded
Unsaturated-has a carbon double bond |
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Term
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Definition
Glycerol and Fatty Acids
Hydrophilic head
Hydrophobic tails (one is double bonded) |
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Term
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Definition
Four fused carbon rings
Most important: Cholesterol |
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Term
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Definition
Tertiary structure
Polypeptides
building blocks of amino acids
(carboxyls and amines) |
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Term
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Definition
Primary
Secondary (alpha and beta)
Tertiary
Quaternary |
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Term
| Denaturalization and naturalization |
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Definition
| When an enzyme is forced to become unactive then active due to heat or pH or a salt (obstruction) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
double Helix
4 nitrogenous bases
deoxyribose |
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Term
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Definition
single stranded
4 nitrogenous bases
ribose |
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Term
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Definition
Phosphate group
Pentose sugar
Nitrogenous base |
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