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Chapter 4
cells
15
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/23/2008

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Term
Discover cells! Created his own microscopes. Had that thought that air makes you ill.
Definition
Robert Hook 1665
Term
Described what cells looked like using his self made microscope.
Definition
Antoni van Leeuwenhoek
Term
The human eye can see as small as...?
Definition
0.1 mm
Term
A light microscope can see as small as...?
Definition
0.2 μm
Term
Electron microscopes can see as small as...?
Definition
2 nm
Term
A cells size is determined by...?
Definition
Their function. They are only as big as they need to be.
Term
Which is smaller a cells volume or its surface area?
Definition
Volume. A cells surface area is bigger than its volume so that it may acquire everything that it needs without taking up too much space.
Term
Thrown together. Very unorganized. No membrane bound organelles. Single cellular. DNA not organized. These are all characteristics of what type of cell?
Definition
Prokaryotic Cells
Term
Membrane bound organelles. Organized. Multicellular. DNA in nucleus. Large. Needs Oxygen. These are all characteristics of what type of cells?
Definition
Eukaryotic Cells
Term
What do both prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells have in common?
Definition
Plasma membrane, one or more chromosomes, and ribosomes.
Term
What are the four functions of a eukaryotic cell?
Definition
  1. Make, sort, ship and break down proteins (and other macromolecules)
  2. Maintain a constant internal environment (homeostasis)
  3. Harvest Energy to power #1 and #2
  4. Support, movement, communication (replication)
Term
Name the four organelles used in manufacturing?
Definition
  1. nucleus
  2. ribosomes
  3. endoplasmic reticulum
  4. golgi apparatus
Term
Name the three organelles used in the breaking down of molecules. As well as there individual functions.
Definition
  1. lysosome (trash bin)
  2. vacuole (empty space, holds stuff, forms around protiens to move them)
  3. peroxisomes (break down fatty acids)
Term
Name the organelle used for energy processing in animal cells. Then in plant cells.
Definition
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