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| The smallest particle of an element that retains the properties of that element |
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| center, contains both protons and neutrons, has an overall positive charge, high density |
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| positively charged, found in the nucleus |
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| negatively charged, found outside the nucleus in energy levels |
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| no charge, found in the nucleus |
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| A number that is equal to the number of protons in the nucleus; also equal to the number of electrons in the shells |
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| The total number of protons plus neutrons in the nucleus |
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| How do you determine the number of neutrons in an atom? |
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| subtract the atomic number from the mass number |
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| Atoms that have the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons |
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| Most elements occur as ____ or more isotopes in nature. |
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| one- twelfth the mass of a carbon -12 atom. A carbon 12 atom has 6 protons and 6 neutrons in its nucleus. Therefore, the mass of a single proton or a single neutron is about 1 amu. |
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| is a weighted average mass of all the atoms in a naturally occurring sample and reflects both the mass and relative abundance of the isotopes of that element as they occur in nature. |
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| mass of each isotope X abundance of that isotope expressed as a decimal then add the products of all isotopes of that element |
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| Periodic table is arranged according to ______and ________. |
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| similarities in their properties and atomic numbers |
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| horizontal - increasing atomic numbers |
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| organized by a # and letter combination; example such as IA, IIA |
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