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| The body's responses to infection that take many forms, including proteins on cell membranes, and immune cells in tissues and body fluids. |
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| Our systems that protect us indiscriminately, like our skin, and the secretions in our various openings that are purposed to kill potentially infectious intakes. |
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| Proteins of innate immunity |
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| Proteins that do not bond to cells we are supposed to have, can trigger response to wide (Broad variety of common pathogens are targeted) of intruders. |
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| Unlike the proteins of innate immunity,vertebrates can produce proteins that bond to specific threats, this is why vaccinations work. |
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| Important inflammatory signalling molecule stored in the granules of Mast Cells pg 980 |
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| Release Histamines when inflammatory response is needed in an area. Found in connective tissues. pg 980 |
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| Signalling Molecules released by macrphoages to enhance immune response at an area. pg 980 |
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| The small and accessible portion of an antigen that bonds to the antigen receptor is an epitope. pg 981 |
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| All B cell antigen receptors are roughly 'Y' shaped, and have heavy and light chains (2 of each) linked together by disulfide bridges. pg 981 |
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| White blood cells that are T and B cells. Important in adaptive immunity. pg 981 |
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| An organ in the thoracic cavity, above the heart. In this organ, developing white blood cells migrate from the bone marrow and mature into T cells. pg 981 |
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| any substance that elicits a response from a B or T cell is called an antigen pg 981 |
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| antigen receptors are proteins. When the antigen receptor of a T or B cell binds to an antigen at the antigen receptor, a response is triggered. pg 981 |
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| A secreted protein, also sometimes called immunoglobulin (Ig). Have y shaped structure, like B cell anigen receptors, but are secreted by B cells instead of being attached to them. many functions in pathogen identification and hindrance. pg 982 |
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| MHC (major histocompatibility complex) molecule |
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| The host protein that displays antigens to T cells. pg 983 |
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| Important immune concept, our immune system SHOULD not attack our own body. Sometimes this is not the case. |
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| product of T cell clonal reproduction, short lived cells that take effect immediately against the antigen detected, and and pathogens that produce aforementioned antigen. pg 985 |
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| Longer lived cells from the T cell clonal selection, keep adaptive immune response ready to be triggered for decades. |
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| the proliferation (by making two types of offspring)of a lymphocyte into clone of cells in response to binding to an antigen. pg 985 |
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| Before our adaptive immunity knows of a cell, this is our response to the first exposure of a pathogen. OFten takes longer to fight pathogen than secondary responses. pg 985 |
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| secondary immuns response |
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| The hallmark of adaptive response. Our stored immune cells for pathogen give rise to a swift response to familiar pathogens in body. pg 985 |
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| immune response in blood and lymph. |
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| cell mediated immune response |
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| specialized T cells destroying infected host cells. |
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| trigger to both humoral and cell mediated immune response. Signal cells to begin production of antibodies and activate T cells that will kill cells |
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| A cell bearing an antigen on its surface. pg 986 |
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| T cell that kill infected (usually) cells in the body. pg 987 |
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| the antibody secreting offspring of B cells. pg 988 |
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| defences that arise when a pathogen infects the body and prompts primary or secondary immune response. pg 990 |
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| When a mother transfers antibodies to an unborn child, the immunity in this child is passive, as it has never directly responded to the pathogen. |
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| when immunity develops from the introduction of antigens into the body. see early vaccine methods. pg 991 |
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| Same as immunization, exposure to a dead or inert version of pathogen, body learnd to recognize antigens, pg 991 |
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| antibodies produced from the clones of one B cell |
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