Term
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Definition
| COMPLICATED, CHRTONIC DISORDER CHARACTERIZED BY EITHER INSUFFICIENT INSULIN PRODUCTION BY THE BETA (B) CELLS OF THE PANCREAS OR BY CELLULAR RESISTANCE TO INSULIN |
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Term
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Definition
| PRODUCE INSULIN IN INSUFFICIENT AMOUNTS AND THEREFORE MUST HAVE INSULIN SUPPLEMENTS TO SURVIVE |
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Term
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Definition
| ARE AFFECTED EITHER BY DECREASED PRODUCTION OF INSULIN BY THE BETA (B) CELLS OF THE PANCREAS OR DECREASED SENSITIVITY OF THE CELLS TO INSULIN, MAKING THE CELLS INSULIN RESISTANT |
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Term
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Definition
| IS USED TO CONTROL TYPE 1 DIABETES AND TYPE 2 WHEN UNCONTROLLED BY DIET, EXERCISE OR WEIGHT REDUCTION. TREAT SEVERE DIABETIC KETOACIDOSIS (DKA) OR DIABTETIC COMA. TREAT HYPOKALEMIA IN COMBINATION WITH GLUCOSE |
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Term
| ADVERSE REACTIONS;HYPOGLYCEMIA |
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Definition
| LOW BLOOD GLUCOSE OR SUGAR LEVEL |
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Term
| ADVERSE REACTIONS; HYPERGLYCEMIA |
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Definition
| ELEVATED BLOOD GLUCOSE OR SUGAR LEVEL |
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Term
| HYPOGLYCEMIA: INSULIN REACTION |
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Definition
| BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL: LESS THAN 60 MG/DL. FATIGUE, WEAKNESS, NERVOUSNESS, AGITATION, CONFUSION, HEADACHE, CONVULSIONS, DIZZINESS, UNCONSCIOUSNESS, HUNGER, NAUSEA, SKIN: PALE,MOIST COOL, DIAPHORETIC |
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Term
| HYPERGLYCEMIA: INSULIN REACTION |
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Definition
| BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVEL > 200 MG/DL. DROWSINESS, DIM VISION. RESP: DEEP, RAPID. THIRST, NAUSEA VOMITTING, ABD PAIN, LOSS OF APPETITE. SKIN: DRY, FLUSHED, WARM. ACETONE BREATH, EXCESSIVE URINATION |
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Term
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Definition
| TAKE B/P, PULSE AND RESP RATE AND WEIGHT OF THE PT. GENERAL ASSESSMENT OF SKIN, MUCOUS MEMBRANES AND EXTREMETIES WITH SPECIAL ATTENTION GIVEN TO ANY SORES OR CUTS THAT APPEAR TO BE INFECTED OR HEALING POORLY |
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Term
| PREADMISSION ASSESSMENT CONT |
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Definition
DIETARY HABITS
FAMILY HISTORY OF DIABETES(IF ANY)
TYPE AND DURATION OF SYMPTOMS EXPERIENCED
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Term
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Definition
| THE NUMBER AND AMOUNT OF DAILY INSULIN DOSES, TIMES OF AMINISTRATION AND DIET AND EXERCISE REQUIREMENTS |
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Term
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Definition
| THE NURSE MUST CLOSELY OBSERVE THE PT AFTER ADMINISTERING ANY INSULIN, BUT PARTICULARLY U500 INSULIN, BECAUSE SECONDARY HYPOGLYCEMIA REACTIONS MAY OCCUR AS LONG AS 24 HOURS AFTER AMIN. |
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Term
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Definition
ACUTE CONFUSION: RELATED TO HYPOGLYCEMIA EFFECTS ON MENTATION.
DEFICIENT FLUID VOLUME RELATED TO FLUID LOSS DURING DKA.
ANXIETY RELATED TO FEAR OF DIAGNOSIS.
GIVING OWN INJECTIONS, DIETARY RESTRICTIONS. |
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Term
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Definition
| INSULIN REQUIRMENTS MAY CHANGE WHEN THE PT EXPERIENCES ANY FORM OF STRESS AND WITH ANY ILLNESS, PARTICULARLY ILLNESSES RESULTING IN NAUSEA AND VOMITTING |
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Term
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Definition
| REG INSULIN IS CLEAR, WHEREAS INTERMEDIATE AND LONG ACTING INSULINS ARE CLODY. CLEAR INSULINS SHOULD BE DRAWN UP FIRST. |
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Term
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Definition
| DO NOT MIX OR DILUTE INSULIN GLARGINE WITH ANY OTHER INSULIN OR SOLUTIUON, BEC GLUCOSE CONTROL WILL BE LOST AND THE INSULIN WILL NOT BE EFFECTIVE |
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Term
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Definition
| USED TO TREAT PTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES THAT IS NOT CONTROLLED BY DIET AND EXERCISE ALONE |
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Term
SULFONYLUREAS
ONE GROUP OF ANTIDIABTETIC DRUGS |
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Definition
| APPEAR TO LOWER BLOOD GLUCOSE BY STIMULATING THE B CELLS OF THE PANCREAS TO RELEASE INSULIN |
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Term
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Definition
| SENSITIZES THE LIVER TO CIRCULATING INSULIN LEVELS AND RESUCES HEPATIC GLUCOSE PRODUCTION |
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Term
| ADVERSE REACTIONS OF SOLFONYLUREAS |
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Definition
| HYPOGLYCEMIA, ANOREXIA, NAUSEA, VOMITTING, EPIGASTRIC DISCOMFORT, WEIGHT GAIN, HEARBURN |
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Term
| ADVERSE REACTIONS OF NONSOLFONYLUREAS |
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Definition
| GI UPSET(METALLIC TASTE, ABD BLOATING, NAUSEA, CRAMPING, FLATULENCE AND DIARRHEA) |
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Term
| CONTRAINDICATIONS OF SULFONYLUREAS |
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Definition
| PTS WITH DKA, SEVERE INFECTION OR SEVERE ENDOCRINE DISEASE. USED CAUTIOUSLY IN PTS WITH IMPAIRED LIVER FUNCTION OR PTS WITH SEVERE CARDIOVASCULR DISEASE |
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Term
| CONTRAINDICATION IN NONSULFONYLUREAS |
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Definition
| HEART FAILURE, RENAL DISEASE, ACUTE OR CHRONIC METABOLLIC ACIDOSIS INCLUDING KETOACIDOSIS AND PTS OLDER THAN 80 |
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Term
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Definition
| EXPOSURE TO STRESS, SUCH AS INFECTION, FEVER, SURGERY OR TAUMA, MAY CAUSE A LOSS OF CONTROL OF BLOOD GLUCOSE LEVELS IN PTS WHO HAVE BEEN STABLILIZED WITH ORAL ANTIDIABETIC DRUGS |
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Term
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Definition
| OLDER ADULTS HAVE AN INCREASED SENSITIVITY TO SULFONYLUREAS AND MAY REQUIRE A DOSAGE REDUCTION |
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Term
| NURSING ALERT WHEN A PT IS TAKING AN A-GLUCOSIDASE INHIBITOR (EG., ACARBIOSE OR MIGLITOL) |
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Definition
| THE NURSE GIVES THE PT AN ORAL FORM OF GLUCOSE, SUCH AS GLUCOSE TABLETS OR DEXTROSE RATHER THAN SUGAR (SUCROSE). ABSORPTION OF SUGAR IS BLOCKED BY ACARBOSE OR MIGLITOL |
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Term
| METFORMIN: PT AND FAMILY TEACHING |
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Definition
| THERE IS A RISK OF LACTIC ACIDOSIS. DISCONTINUE DRUG THERAPY AND NOTIFY PRIOVIDER IF THE FOLLOWING OCCUR: RESP DISTRESS, MUSCULAR ACHES, UNUSUAL SOMNOLENCE, UNEXPLAINED MALAISE OR NON SPECIFIC ABD DISTRESS |
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