Term
|
Definition
| in biology, the smallest unit that can perform all life processes; cells are covered by a membrane and contain DNA and cytoplasm |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the theory that states that all living things are made up of cells, that cells are the basic units of organisms, that each cell in a multicellular organism has a specific job, and that cells come only from existing cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the region of the cell within the membrane that includes the fluid, the cytoskeleton, and all of the organelles except the nucleus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the soluble portion of the cytoplasm, which includes molecules and small particles, such as ribosomes, but not the organelles covered with membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in a eukaryotic cell, a membrane-bound organelle that contains the cell’s DNA and that has a role in processes such as growth, metabolism, and reproduction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a single-celled organism that does not have a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles; examples are archaea and bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organism made up of cells that have a nucleus enclosed by a membrane, multiple chromosomes, and a mitotic cycle; eukaryotes include protists, animals, plants, and fungi but not archaea or bacteria |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
organelle
one of the small bodies that are found in the cytoplasm of a cell and that are specialized to perform a specific function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
tissue
a group of similar cells that perform a common function |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a collection of tissues that carry out a specialized function of the body |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a group of organs that work together to perform body functions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a lipid that contains phosphorus and that is a structural component in cell membranes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in a eukaryotic cell, one of the structures in the nucleus that are made up of DNA and protein; in a prokaryotic cell, the main ring of DNA |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the double membrane that surrounds the nucleus of a eukaryotic cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the part of the eukaryotic nucleus where ribosomal RNA is synthesized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cell organelle composed of RNA and protein; the site of protein synthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| in eukaryotic cells, the cell organelle that is surrounded by two membranes and that is the site of cellular respiration, which produces ATP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system of membranes that is found in a cell's cytoplasm and that assists in the production, processing, and transport of proteins and in the production of lipids |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cell organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the cytoplasmic network of protein filaments that plays an essential role in cell movement, shape, and division |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| one of the small, tubular fibers composed of the protein tubulin that are found in the cytoplasm of eukaryotic cells, that compose the cytoskeleton, and that play a role in cell structure and movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a fiber found inside eukaryotic cells that is composed mainly of the protein actin and that has a role in cell structure and movement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a hairlike structure arranged in tightly packed rows that projects from the surface of some cells |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a long, hairlike structure that grows out of a cell and enables the cell to move |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organelle that is active during mitosis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a rigid structure that surrounds the cell membrane and provides support to the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a large cavity or sac that is found in plant cells or protozoans and that contains air or partially digested food |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organelle of plant cells that contains specific substances and performs specific functions for the cell |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an organelle found in plant and algae cells where photosynthesis occurs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a membrane system found within chloroplasts that contains the components for photosynthesis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a green pigment that is present in most plant cells, that gives plants their characteristic green color, and that reacts with sunlight, carbon dioxide, and water to form carbohydrates |
|
|
