Term
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Definition
| a thin covering that forms the outer boundary of the cell |
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Definition
| certain molecules go through them and other molecules do not |
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of substances through a membrane without the use of the cell's own energy |
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Term
| What are the 2 main forms of passive transport? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| the movement of molecules from a place where there are many of them to place where there are few of them ex. perfume molecules leaving a bottle and spreading throughout the air of the room |
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Definition
| the diffusion of water through a selectively permeable membrane |
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Definition
| requires the cell to uses its own energy to move substances through a membrane |
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Term
| The thin covering that all cells have is the ________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the membrane model considered to be the most accurate. |
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Definition
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Definition
| a model of cell membranes in which the lipid membrane consists of a flexible (fluid) two-layer film where proteins float and move about , making different patterns (mosaics) |
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Term
| What did Leeuwenhoek call the organisms he viewed with his microscope? |
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Definition
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Term
| Does osmosis require a cell to expend its own energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Which type of transport requires that a cell expend its own energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe the three basic parts of a cell |
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Definition
| the cellular boundaries, the cytoplasm and the genetic material |
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Term
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Definition
| a rigid structure manufactured by certain organisms and secreted to the exterior of the cell membrane; plants, fungi and bacteria have cell walls |
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Term
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Definition
| a thick fluid that contains many small organelles |
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Term
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Definition
| parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive |
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Term
| List 9 or more cellular organelles |
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Definition
| cell membrane, cell wall, chloroplast, mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, nucleus, endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, vacuole, cytoplasm, cilia, lysosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| the cellular organelles in which aerobic respiration occurs to release usable energy from food; usually appear as long oval structures made of 2 membranes - the outside looks smooth but the inside is folded into ridges |
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Term
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Definition
| a cellular organelle consisting of a network of membranes; enables substances to be transported throughout the cell; looks like a maze of passageways formed by a folded membranes passing throughout the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
| a cellular organelle that directs the assembling of proteins; look like dots attached to the endoplasmic reticulum |
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Term
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Definition
| a cellular organelle that collects chemicals from the cytoplasm, processes them, and secretes them; believed to be connected with the ER |
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Definition
| a membrane-bound sac that contains various substances, including water and wastes, within a cell; |
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Definition
| An organelle that contains digestive enzymes |
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Definition
| a cellular organelle that contains chlorophyll and other pigments; the organelle in which photosynthesis occurs |
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Term
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Definition
| short hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement |
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Term
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Definition
| long hairlike extensions from a cell membrane; aid in movement |
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Definition
| the cellular organelle that contains the chromosomes; control center of the cell |
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Term
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Definition
| a strand of DNA with associated proteins; usually found in the nucleus of a cell; the basis of heredity |
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Term
| What is the role of the nucleus in a cell? |
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Definition
| It acts as the main office of a factory. |
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Term
| Identify the major parts of a compound light microscope & microscope slide |
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Definition
| arm, base, body tube, coarse adjustment knob, compound light microscope, eyepiece, fine adjustment knob, mirror, objectives, specimen, stage |
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Term
| How do you find the total magnification of a compound light microscope? |
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Definition
| Multiply the magnification powers of the eyepiece and the objective in use. ex. if you use a 40x objective & a 10x eyepiece, the image in your microscope will be magnified 400 times (40x times 10x = 400x) |
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Term
| What organelles are referred to as the "powerhouses" of the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the function of ribosomes? |
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Definition
| receive coded instructions from the nucleus to form proteins |
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Term
| Which organelle collects and processes complex chemicals for the cell? |
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Definition
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Term
| What structure contains a cell's genetic information? |
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Definition
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Term
| Name the two types of molecules that compose cellular membranes. |
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Definition
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Term
| List the two types of passive transport. |
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Definition
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Term
| Does osmosis and diffusion require energy? |
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Definition
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Term
| Give an example of diffusion other than perfume in the air and sugar in water. |
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Definition
| a helium balloon deflating a little bit each day |
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Term
| What was Leeuwenhoek's contribution to the study of microscopic organisms? |
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Definition
| discovered unicellular bacteria and protozoans in water droplets |
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Term
| How many types of lenses do compound light microscopes have? |
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Definition
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Term
| In addition to a cell membrane, what other cell boundary might a cell have? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Parts of a cell that perform many of the functions needed to keep the cell alive |
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Term
| How does an organelles size compare to the size of a cell? |
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Definition
| The organelles fit inside of the cell so they are smaller |
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Term
| What is the function of endoplasmic reticulum? |
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Definition
| It connects the nucleus to the cell membrane. It functions as the cell's delivery system helping substances travel from one part of the cell to another. |
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Term
| Which organelles are filled with enzymes that help destroy and dissolve unneeded cell structures as well as invading foreign matter? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the difference between a prokaryotic and eukaryotic cell? |
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Definition
| E - has a nucleus and P - does not |
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Term
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Definition
| a unicellular organism that lacks a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles; classified in the kingdoms Archaebacteria and Eubacteria |
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Term
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Definition
| a unicellular or multicellular organism whose cell or cells have a nucleus and other membrane-bound organelles |
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Term
| What would happen if cell membranes were not selectively permeable? |
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Definition
| Not all membranes are permeable to the same molecules - while water, oxygen and carbon dioxide are small and can easily pass through most membranes - starch and protein molecules are large and pass through only certain membranes |
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Term
| What cellular structures do plant cells have that animal cells do not have? |
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Definition
| cell wall and chloroplasts |
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Term
| Some cells have more mitochondria than others cells. Why is this necessary? |
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Definition
| To temporarily store energy to be rekeased to the cellular structures that need it |
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Term
| In the fluid mosaic model, the basic membrane structure is a double layer of proteins embedded with lipid molecules. (True or False) |
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Definition
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Term
| Which is the following processes requires the cell to expend energy? A. diffusion B. active transport C. osmosis D. passive transport |
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Definition
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Term
| The spread of ammonia odor throughout a room is an example of ______________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The spread of ammonia odor thoughout a room is an example of ______________________. |
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Definition
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Term
| All cells are surrounded by a structure called the cell wall. (True or False) |
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Definition
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Term
| Calculate the total magnification of a microscope whose objective is 30x and whose eyepiece is 15x. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| processes energy from food |
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Term
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Definition
| processes chemicals in the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| serves as passageways throughout the cytoplasm |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| The ______________ is the control center of the cell. |
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Definition
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