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Chapter 4 Genetics
poop
21
Science
7th Grade
01/10/2009

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Term
heredity
Definition
the passing of physical characteristics from prents to offspring
Term
trait
Definition
different form of a characteristic
Term
genetics
Definition
the scientific study of heredity
Term
fertilization
Definition
the process when an oranism begins to form when egg and sperm join
Term
purebred
Definition
the offspring of many generations that have the same trait
Term
gene
Definition
the factors that control a trait
Term
alleles
Definition
different forms of a gene
Term
dominat allele
Definition
one whose trait always shows up in the orgaism when the allele is present
Term
recessive allele
Definition
an allels hidden when the dominat allele is present
Term
hybrid
Definition
an organism that has two different allels for a trait
Term
probability
Definition
a number that describes how likely it is that an event will occur
Term
Punnett square
Definition
a chart that shows all the possible combinations of alleles that can result from a gentic cross
Term
phenotype
Definition
organism's physical appearance
Term
genotype
Definition
an organism's genetic makeup or allele combination
Term
homozygous
Definition
an organism that has two identical allels for a trait
Term
heterozygous
Definition
an organism that has two different allels for a trait
Term
codominance
Definition
alleles not dominat nor recessice
Term
meiosis
Definition
the process by which the number of chromosomes is reduced by galf to form sex cells
Term
messenger RNA
Definition
RNA that copies the coded messahe from the DNA in the nucleus and carries the message to the ribosome in the cytoplasm
Term
transfer RNA+
Definition
carries ammino acids to the ribosome and adds them to the growing protein
Term
mutation
Definition
any change in a gene or chromosome
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