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Chapter 4 and 5
Computer lit
104
Computer Science
Undergraduate 1
02/28/2012

Additional Computer Science Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Computer network
Definition
Computers and other hardware devices that are connected to share hardware, sofware, and data
Term
Telecommute
Definition
The use of computers and networking technology to enable an individual to work from a remote location.
Term
Wired Network
Definition
A network in which computers and other devices are connected to the network via physical cables.
Term
Hotspot
Definition
A location that provides wireless internet acces to the public.
Term
Star Network
Definition
A networkthat uses a host device connected directly to several other devices.
Term
Bus network
Definition
A network that uses a central cable to which all network devices are attached.
Term
Mesh Network
Definition
A network that uses multiple connections between network devices.
Term
Architecture
Definition
The way computers are designed to communicate
Term
Client-Serer network
Definition
A network that includes both clients and servers.
Term
Client
Definition
A computer or other device on a network that requests and uses network resources.
Term
Server
Definition
A computer that is dedicated to processing client requests.
Term
Download
Definition
to retrieve files form a server to a client.
Term
upload
Definition
to transfer files from a client to a server.
Term
Peer-to-peer (P2P) network
Definition
a network in which the coputers on the network work at the same functional level, and users ave direct access to the network devices.
Term
Personal area network (PAN)
Definition
a network that connects an individual's personal devices that are located close together.
Term
Local area network (LAN)
Definition
a network that connects devices located in a small geographical area.
Term
Metropolitan area network (MAN)
Definition
a network that connects devices located in a large georgraphical area.
Term
Wide aera network (WAN)
Definition
a network that connects devices located in a large geographical area.
Term
intranet
Definition
private network that is set up similarly to the internet and is accessed via a web browser.
Term
extranet
Definition
an intranet that is at least partially accessible to authorized outsiders.
Term
virual private network (VPN)
Definition
a private, secure path over the internet used fro accessing a private network.
Term
 Bandwhich (throuhput)
Definition
the amount of data that can be transfered in a given time period.
Term
Digital signal
Definition
a type of signal where the data is represented by 0s and 1s.
Term
analog signal
Definition
a type of signal where the data is represented by continuous waves.
Term
serial transmissions 
Definition
 a type of data transmission in which the bits in a byte travel down the same path one after the other.
Term
synchronous transmission
Definition
a type of serial data transmission in which data is organized into groups or blocks of data that are transferred at regular, specified intervals.
Term
asynchronous transmission
Definition
a type of serial data transmission in which data is sent when it is ready to be sent without being synchronized.
Term
isochronous transmission
Definition
a type of serial data transmissio nin which data is sent at the same time as other related data.
Term
Simple transmission 
Definition
a type of data transmission in which data travels in a single direction only.
Term
half-duplex transmission
Definition
A type of data transmission in which data can move in both directions at the same time.
Term
Packet switching 
Definition
a method of transmitting data in which messges are separated into packets that travel along the network separately, and then are reassembled in the proper order at the destination.
Term
broadcasting
Definition
a method of transmitting data in which data is sent out to all nodes on a network and is retrieved only by the intended recipient.
Term
twisted-pair cable
Definition
a networking cable consisting of insulated wire strands twisted in sets of two and bound  into a cable.
Term
Coaxial cable (coax)
Definition
A networking cable consisting of a centre wire inside a grounded, cylindrical shield, capable of sending data at high speeds.
Term
Fiber-optic cable 
Definition
a network cable that contains hundreds of thin transparent fibers over which lasers trasmit data as light.
Term
Cellular radio transmission
Definition
a type of data transmission used with cell phones in which the data is sent and recieved via cell towers.
Term
Microwaves
Definition
high-frequency radio signals that can send large quantities of data at high speeds over long distances.
Term
Microwaves station
Definition
a device that sends a recieves high-frequency, high-speed radio signals
Term
Communications satellite
Definition
a device that orbits the earth and relays communications signals over long distances.
Term
infrared (IR) tansmission
Definition
a wireless networking medium that sends data as infrared light rays.
Term
Protocol
Definition
a set of rules to be followed in a specific situation
Term
TCP/IP
Definition
 a networking protocol that uses packet switching to facilitate the transmission of messages; the protocol lused with the internet.
Term
Ethernet
Definition
the most widely used standard for wired networks.
Term
Wi-Fi (802.11)
Definition
a widely used networking standard for medium-range wireless networks.
Term
WiMax (802.16a)
Definition
an emerging wireless networking standard that is faster and has a greater range than Wi-Fi.
Term
Mobile WiMAX (802.16e)
Definition
A version of WiMAX designed to be used with mobile phones.
Term
Bluetooth
Definition
a network standard for very short-range wireless connections.
Term
Piconet
Definition
a bluetooth network.
Term
Wireless USB
Definition
a wireless version of USB designed to connect peripheral devices.
Term
Ultra Wideband (UWB)
Definition
a networking standard for very short-range wireless connections amoung multimedia devices.
Term
WirelessHD (WiHD)
Definition
An emerging wirelss networking specification designed for connection home consumer devices.
Term
Transfer Jet
Definition
A networking standard for wireless connections between devices that are touching.
Term
Network adapter
Definition
a device used to connect a computer to a network.
Term
Network interface card (NIC) 
Definition
a network adapter in the form of an expansion card.
Term
Modem
Definition
A device that is used to connect a computer to a netwoek over telephone lines.
Term
Switch
Definition
a device that connects multiple devices on a wired network and forwards data only to the intended recipient.
Term
Router
Definition
a device that connects multiple networks together and passes data to the intended recipient using the most efficient route.
Term
wireless access point
Definition
 a device on a wireless network that connects wireless devices to that network.
Term
wireless router
Definition
A router with a built-in wireless access point.
Term
Bridge
Definition
a device used to connect two LANs.
Term
repeater
Definition
a device on a network that amplifies signals.
Term
Range extender
Definition
a repeater for a wireless network.
Term
antenna
Definition
a device used for receiving or sending radio signals anf often used to increase the range of a network.
Term
Arpanet
Definition
the predecesor of the internet, named after the advanced Research Projects Agency (ARPA), which sponsored its development.
Term
Internet service provider (ISP)
Definition
A business or ohe organization that provides internet access to others, typically for a fee.
Term
internet content provider
Definition
a person or an organiztion that provides internet content.
Term
application service provider (asp)
Definition
a company that manages and distributes software-based services over the Internet.
Term
Instant messaging (IM)
Definition
a way of exchanging real-time typed messages with other individuals.
Term
text messaging 
Definition
a way of exchanging real-time typed messages with other individuals via a cellualr network and, typically, cell phones.
Term
Tweeting
Definition
sending short status updates about your current activities the twitter service.
Term
voice over internet protocol (VoIP)
Definition
the process of placing telephone calls via the internet.
Term
Web conference
Definition
A face-to-face meeting taking place via the web.
Term
Webinar
Definition
A seminar presented via the web.
Term
socail networking site
Definition
a site that enables a community of individuals to communicate and share information.
Term
blog
Definition
a web page that contains short, frequently updated entries in chronological order, typically by just one individual.
Term
e-commerce
Definition
online financial transactions.
Term
Wiki
Definition
a collaborative web page that is designed to be edited and republished by a variety of individuals.
Term
e-portfolio
Definition
a collection of an individual's work accessible via the web.
Term
Cookie
Definition
a small file stored on a user's hard drive by a web server; commonly used to identify personal preferences and settings for that user.
Term
third-party cookie
Definition
a cookie place on your hard drive by a company other than the one associated with the web page that you are viewing.
Term
Conventional dial-up internet access
Definition
dail-up internet access via standard phone lines.
Term
cable internet access
Definition
fast, direct internet access via cable TV lines.
Term

DSL (digital subscriber line) internet access

 

Definition
fast, direct internet access via standard phone lines.
Term
Satellite internet access
Definition
fast, direct internet access via the airwaves and a satellie dish.
Term
fixed wireless internet access
Definition
 fast, direct internet access available in some areas via the aireaves.
Term
Broadband over fiber (BoF) or Biber-to-the-premises (FTTP) internet access
Definition
very fast, direct internet access via fiber-optic networks.
Term
Mobile wireless internet access
Definition
internet access via a monile phone network.
Term
Wi-Fi hotspot
Definition
a location that provides wireless internet access to the public.
Term
Home page (start page)
Definition
The page that appears when you start a browser.
Term
Load
Definition
to copy a web page form a server to a computer.
Term
home page
Definition
the main page on a web site.
Term
Tab Group
Definition
a collection fo related tabs.
Term
active tab
Definition
the tab that ppears to be on top in a browse window.
Term
search site
Definition
a web site designed to help users search for web pages that match specified keywords or selected categories.
Term
Search Engine
Definition
a software program used by a search site to retrieve matiching web pages from a search database.
Term
Keyword
Definition
a word typed in a search box on a search site or other web page to locate information related ot that keyword.
Term
search phrase
Definition
multiple keywords
Term
hit
Definition
a link that matches search criteria in a search site.
Term
Favorite
Definition
a shortcut to a web page saed in a list.
Term
Feed
Definition
Frequently updated web sire content, suh as news or blogs, delivered directly to your browser.
Term
web slice
Definition
s portion of a web page that is frequently updated and delievered to your browser.
Term
history list
Definition
a list that tracks the web pages you visit over a certain time period.
Term
Contact 
Definition
each person or organization with whom you communicate and baout whom you store information.
Term
attachment
Definition
a file that you send with an email message.
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