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| Scientific study of interactions among organisms, between organisms, and their environment. |
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| organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce its own food from inorganic compounds; also called a producer |
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| Organism that can capture energy from sunlight or chemicals and use it to produce food from inorganic compounds; also known as an autograph |
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| Process by which plants and some other organisms use light energy to convert water and carbon dioxide into oxygen carbohydrates such as sugars or starches |
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| Process by which some organisms such as certain bacteria use chemical energy to produce carbohydrates |
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| Organism that obtains energy from the foods it consumes; also called a consumer |
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| Organism that relies on other organisms for its energy and food supply; also called a heterotroph |
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| Eats plants and animals remains and other dead matter |
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| Organism that breaks down and obtains energy from dead organic matter |
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| Total amount of living tissue within the living world |
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| Process in which elements, chemical compounds, and other forms of matter are passed from one organism to another and from one part of the biosphere to another |
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| Process by which water changes from a liquid into an atmosphere. |
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| Loss of water from a plant through its leaves |
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| Process of converting nitrogen gas into ammonia |
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| Conversion of nitrates into nitrogen gas |
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| Rate at which organic matter is created by products in an ecosystem |
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| Single nutrient that enters is scarce or cycles very slowly, limiting the growth of organisms in an ecosystem |
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| An indicate increase in the amount of algae and other producers that results from a large input of a limiting nutrient |
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