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Chapter 3. Physical Changes
Adult Development and Aging
25
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
05/22/2012

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Cards

Term
Amyloid Plaques
Definition
A normative change in the brain involving amyloid protein collecting on dying or dead neurons. A large number of amyloid plaques is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.
Term
Angina Pectoris
Definition
A painful condition caused by temporary constriction of blood flow to the heart.
Term
Atherosclerosis
Definition
A process by which fat is deposited on the walls of arteries.
Term
Cataracts
Definition
Opaque spots on the lens of the eye.
Term
Cerebrovascular Accident (CVA)
Definition
An interruption of the blood flow to the brain.
Term
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Definition
A family of age-related lung diseases that block the passage of air and cause abnormalities inside the lungs.
Term
Climacteric
Definition
The transitions during which a woman's reproductive capacity ends and ovulation stops.
Term
Congestive Heart Failure
Definition
A condition occurring when cardiac output and the ability of the heart to contract severely decline, making the heart enlarge, increasing pressure in the veins, and making the body swell.
Term
Cross-Linking
Definition
Random interaction between proteins that produce molecules that make the body stiffer.
Term
Emphysema
Definition
Severe lung disease that greatly reduces the ability to exchange carbon dioxide for oxygen.
Term
Free Radicals
Definition
Deleterious and short-lived chemicals that cause change in cells that are thought to result in aging.
Term
Glaucoma
Definition
A condition in the eye caused by abnormal drainage of fluid.
Term
Hypertension
Definition
A disease in which one's blood pressure is too high.
Term
Menopause
Definition
The cessation of the release of eggs by the ovaries.
Term
Myocardial Infarction (MI)
Definition
A heart attack.
Term
Neurofibrillary Tangles
Definition
A normative age-related change in the brain involving the production of new fibers in the neuron. A large number of neurofibrillary tangles is a defining characteristic of Alzheimer's disease.
Term
Neurons
Definition
The basic cells in the brain.
Term
Osteoarthritis
Definition
A form of arthritis marked by the gradual onset and progression of pain and swelling, caused by overuse of a joint.
Term
Osteoporosis
Definition
A degenerative bone disease more common in women in which bone tissue deteriorates severely to produce honeycomb-like bone tissue.
Term
Parkinson's Disease
Definition
A brain disease caused by an extreme drop in the neurotransmitter dopamine.
Term
Plasticity
Definition
The capability of the brain to adapt its functional and structural organization to current requirements.
Term
Prebycusis
Definition
A normative age-related loss in the ability to hear high-pitched tones.
Term
Prebyopia
Definition
The normative age-related loss in the ability to focus on nearby objects, usually resulting in the need for glasses.
Term
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Definition
A destructive form of arthritis involving more swelling and more joints than osteoarthritis.
Term
Telomeres
Definition
Tips of the chromosomes that shorten with each replication.
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