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Chapter 3 - Levels of Organization
Human Body
43
Medieval Studies
Undergraduate 1
09/28/2014

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Term
Cells
Definition
structural units that form all body tissues
Term
Epithelial tissue
Definition
forms the epidermis and surface layer of membranes
Term
simple squamous cells
Definition
flat in shape
Term
simple cuboidal cells
Definition
cube shaped
Term
simple columnar cells
Definition
cylindrical in shape
Term
connective tissue
Definition
acts to connect and support other body tissues: cartilage, adipose, bone, elastic fiber, blood
Term
nervous tissue
Definition
composed of neurons, transmit nerve impulses by the release of neurotransmitters: brain, spinal cord, nerves throughout the body
Term
muscle tissue
Definition
composed of contractile fibers
Term
organ
Definition
structure made up of two or more types of tissue that perform specialized functions
Term
tissue
Definition
composed of a group of similar cells that perform a specific function
Term
body planes
Definition
imaginary slices or cuts through the body that divide it vertically or horizontally
Term
sagittal plane
Definition
runs vertically from front to back; divides the body into right and left halves
Term
frontal plane
Definition
runs vertically from left to right; divides the body into front and back portions
Term
transverse plane
Definition
horizontal; divides the body into upper and lower portions
Term
dorsal cavity
Definition
the posterior or back part of the body: cranial cavity and vertebral cavity
Term
ventral cavity
Definition
anterior or front side of the body: thoracic cavity and abdominopelvic cavity
Term
abduction
Definition
movement away from the body
Term
adduction
Definition
movement toward the body
Term
anterior
Definition
toward or near the front; ventral
Term
posterior
Definition
toward or near the back; dorsal
Term
base
Definition
the lower or supporting part of any structure
Term
apex
Definition
the pointed tip of a conical structure
Term
deep
Definition
further into the body
Term
superficial
Definition
near the surface of the body
Term
medial
Definition
toward the midline; nearer to the middle
Term
lateral
Definition
away from the midline; toward the side
Term
proximal
Definition
nearer to the origin or point of attachment
Term
distal
Definition
further from the origin or point of attachment
Term
superior
Definition
above or nearer to the head
Term
inferior
Definition
beneath or nearer to the feet
Term
supine
Definition
lying horizontally facing upward
Term
prone
Definition
lying horizontally facing downward
Term
ventral
Definition
front; anterior
Term
dorsal
Definition
back; posterior
Term
AP
Definition
anteroposterior
Term
LAT
Definition
lateral
Term
LE
Definition
lower extremity
Term
LLQ
Definition
left lower quadrant
Term
LUQ
Definition
left upper quadrant
Term
PA
Definition
posteroanterior
Term
RLQ
Definition
right lower quadrant
Term
RUQ
Definition
right upper quadrant
Term
UE
Definition
upper extremity
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