Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the US is an event that an organism approaches or seeks out. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the US is an event that an organism avoids. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS follows the onset of the US. |
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Term
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Definition
| A process whereby 1 stimulus that does not elicit a certain response is associated with a second stimulus that does; as a result, the first stimulus also comes to elicit a response. |
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Term
| Conditioned Response (CR) |
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Definition
| The response, often similar to the unconditioned response, that is elicited by the conditioned stimulus. |
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Term
| Conditioned Stimulus (CS) |
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Definition
| Any stimulus that, although initially neutral, comes to elicit a response because it has been associated with an unconditioned stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS precedes the onset of the US, and the 2 stimuli overlap. |
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Term
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Definition
| The reappearance of a habituated response to a stimulus following the presentation of another, seemingly irrelevant novel stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the "presentation" of a US. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fixed sequence of response elicited by a specific stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| The automatic response of jerking one's hand or foot away from a hot or sharp object. |
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Term
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Definition
| A decrease in the strength of an elicited behavior following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the NS is associated with the "absence" or "removal" of a US. |
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Term
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Definition
| A theory processing that an emotional event elicits 2 competing processes: (1) an a-process (or primary process) directly elicited directly by the event, and (2) a b-process (or opponent process) that is elicited by the a-process and serves to counteract the a-process. |
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Term
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Definition
| The automatic positioning of oneself to facilitate attending to a stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A relatively simple, involuntary response to a stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A neutral structure that underlies many reflexes and consists of a sensory neuron, an interneuron, and a motor neuron. |
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Term
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Definition
| An increase in the strength of an elicited response following repeated presentations of the eliciting stimulus. |
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Term
| Sign Stimulus (or releaser) |
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Definition
| A specific stimulus that elicits a fixed action pattern. |
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Term
| Simultaneous Conditioning |
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the onset of the NS and the onset of the US are simultaneous. |
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Term
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Definition
| A defensive reaction to a sudden, unexpected stimulus, which involves automatic tightening of skeletal muscles and various hormonal and visceral changes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Conditioning procedure in which the onset and offset of the NS precede the onset of the US. |
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Term
| Unconditioned Response (UR) |
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Definition
| The response that is naturally elicited by the unconditioned stimulus without any prior learning. |
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Term
| Unconditioned Stimulus (US) |
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Definition
| A stimulus that naturally elicits a response without any prior learning. |
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