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Chapter 3 Cell Biology
Chapter 3 Biology terms
25
Biology
12th Grade
02/26/2013

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Term

Cell Membrane 

(Plasma Membrane)

Definition
Membrane surrounding the cytoplasm that consists of a phosphlipid bilayer with embedded proteins; regulates the entrence and exits of molecules from the cell
Term
Cell Wall
Definition
Structure that surrounds a plant, protistan, fungal, or bacterial cell and maintains the cell's shape and rigidity
Term
Cellular Respiaration
Definition
Metabolic reactions that use the energy form carbohydrate, fatty acid, or amino acid breakcown to produce ATP molecule
Term
Chlorophast
Definition
Membreaneous organelle that contains chlorophyll and is the site of photosynthesis
Term
Chromatin
Definition
Network of fibrels consisting of DNA and associated proteins observed within a nucleus that is not dividing
Term
Chromosome
Definition
rodlike structure in the nucleus seen during cell division; contains the hereditary units, or genes
Term
Cristae
Definition
Short, finger like projections formed by the folding on the inner membrane of the mitochondria
Term
Cytoplasm
Definition
Contents of a  cell between the nucleus and the plasma membrane that contains organelles
Term
Cytoskeleton
Definition
Internal framework of the cell, consisting of microtubules, actin filaments, and intermediate filaments
Term
Golgi Bodies (Golgi apparatus)
Definition
oraganelle, consisting of flattened saccules and also vesicles, that processes, packages and distributes molecules within or from the cell
Term
lysosome
Definition
Membrane-bound vesicle that contains hydrolytic enzymes for digesting macromolecules
Term
Matrix
Definition
Unstructured simifluid substance that fills the space between cells in connective tissues or inside organelles
Term
Mitochondria (mitochondrion)
Definition
membrane- bounded organelle in which ATP molecules are produced durring the process of cellular respiration
Term
Nuclear envelope
Definition
Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus and is continuous with the endoplasmic reticulum
Term
Nuclear Pore
Definition
Opening in the nuclear envelope that permist the passage of proteins into the nucleus and ribosomal subunits out of the nucleus
Term
Nucleolus
Definition
Dark-stained spherical body in the nucleus that produces ribosomal subunits
Term
Nucleus
Definition
membrane- bounded organelle within a eukariotic cell that contains chromosomes and controls the structure and formation of the cell
Term
Organelle
Definition
Small, often membraneous structure in the cytoplasm having a specific structure and function
Term
Polysome (Polyribosome)
Definition
String of ribosomes simultaneously translating regions of the same mRNA strand during protein synthesis
Term
Ribosome
Definition
RNA and protein in two subunits; site of protein synthesis in the cytoplasm
Term
Rough endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Protein synthesis and modification; has attached ribosomes; Folds and processes proteins and packages them in vesicles
Term
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Definition
Membraneous system of tubules, vesicles, and sacs in cells without ribosomes
Term
Vacuole
Definition
Membrane- bounded sac that holds fluid and a variety of other substances
Term
Vesicle
Definition
Small, membrane-bounded sac that stores substances within a cell
Term
Metastasis
Definition
is the spread of a cancer from one organ or part to another non-adjacent organ or part; In origin metastasis is a Greek word meaning "displacement"
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