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Chapter 35 Plant Structure
Plant Diversity Cont.
20
Biology
Undergraduate 2
03/10/2013

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Term
Stele
Definition
- In vascular plants it is the central part of the root or stem
Term
Tracheids
Definition
- It is the water conducting cell that is found in the Xylem in nearly all vascular plants
- Tracheids that are functioning are no longer living
Term
Root Cap
Definition
- cells that form in the shape of a cone at the tip of the plant that protects them from the apical meristem
Term
Root sytem
Definition
- All of a plant's roots, which anchor it into the soil, absorb and transport minerals and water and store food
Term
Shoot system
Definition
- the aerial portion of the plant body (upper) that consists of stems, leaves and in (angiosperms) flowers
Term
Root
Definition
- organ that anchors a vascular plant in the soil, absorbs minerals and water, and often stores carbs
Term
Taproot
Definition
- most eudicots and & gymnosperms have this
- consist of one main vertical root, which develops from an embryonic root
Term
Lateral Root
Definition
- the taproot gives rise to this
- branch root
Term
stem
Definition
- is the organ that raises or separates leaves & exposes them to sunlight
- also raise reproductive structures,which facilliatates dispersal of pollen and fruits
Term
apical dominance
Definition
- the inhibition of axillary buds by an apical bud
Term
Leaf
Definition
- main photosynthetic organ in vascular plants
Term
Blade
Definition
- the flattened structure on the leaf
Term
Petiole
Definition
- the stalk on the leaf
Term
Indeterminate Growth
Definition
- a characteristic of plants in which the organism grows through out it's whole life
Term
Determinate Growth
Definition
- Stopping growth after a certain size
- most animals, some plant organs such as leaves thorns and flowers
Term
Meristem
Definition
- plant tissue that remains embryonic as long as the plant lives allowing for indeterminate growth
Term
Apical Meristem
Definition
- located at the tips of roots and shoots and in axillary buds of shoots that provide add'l cells that enable growth in length
Term
Primary Growth
Definition
- Growth in length
Term
Secondary Growth
Definition
- Growth in thickness that is caused by the lateral meristems called vascular cambium and cork cambium
Term
Root Cap
Definition
- thimble like, protects apical meristem as the root pushes through the soil during primary growth
- secretes polysaccharide slime that lubricates the soil around the tip of root
- Growth occurs just behind the tip in 3 overlapping zones of cells at successive stages of primary growth
- these zones are for cell division, elongation and differentiation
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