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chapter 3-5
na
66
Biology
12th Grade
10/17/2013

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Term
macromolocule
Definition
giant molecule formed by the joining of smaller molecules
Term
covalent bond
Definition
strong bond that two atoms share one or more pairs of electrons
Term
Acid
Definition
increases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
Term
ionic bond
Definition
bond resulting from the attraction between oppositely charged ions
Term
PH Scale
Definition
measure of hydrogen ion concentration range from 0-14
Term
controlled experiment
Definition
and experiment with a control along with tested part
Term
transmission electron microscope
Definition
microscope that passes on electron beam through very thin sections
Term
light microscope
Definition
optical instrument that uses light to see smaller images
Term
enzyme
Definition
protein serving as a catalyst
Term
disaccharides
Definition
two sugars/ consist of two monosaccharides
Term
fatty acid
Definition
long carbon chain carboxylic acid
Term
fat
Definition
compound consisting of 3 fatty acids linked to on glycerol
Term
monomer
Definition
sub unit that serves as the building blocks of a polymer.
Term
buffer
Definition
consist of acid and base that minimizes changes in pH
Term
scanning electron microscope
Definition
microscope that uses an electron beam to scan the surface of a simple to study details of topography
Term
hydrogen bonds
Definition
weak chemical bond when sightly positive hydrogen is attracted to sightly negative
Term
hydroponic
Definition
loves water
Term
hydrolysis
Definition
addition of water
Term
Inorganic compound
Definition
contains no carbon
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
fears water
Term
lipid
Definition
-one of a family of compounds includes fats phospholipids and steriods
-insouble in water
Term
isomer
Definition
same different structure
Term
electron
Definition
-negative charge
-found in the nucleus
Term
neutron
Definition
neutral practical found in the atom
Term
atom
Definition
smallest unit of matter
Term
proton
Definition
positive charge found in the nucleus
Term
ion
Definition
atom that has gained or lost electrons
Term
single bond
Definition
covenant bond resulting from one pair of electrons
Term
isotope
Definition
same atomic number but has different number of neutrons and thus differing atomic mass
Term
molecule
Definition
two or more atoms held together by covenant bonds
Term
polar
Definition
having both a positive and negative charge
Term
double bond
Definition
covenant bond resulting from two pairs of electrons
Term
mole
Definition
number of grams of substances that equals its molecular weight
Term
hexose sugar
Definition
monosachride containing 6 carbon atoms
Term
wax
Definition
plastic substance deposit by insects or obtained from plants
Term
nucleic acid
Definition
polymers consisting of many nucleotide monomers
Term
monosaccharide
Definition
simple carbohydrate simple sugars
Term
oil
Definition
triglyceride that is liquid at room temp
Term
nucleotide
Definition
building block of nuceic acid consisting of 5 carbon sugars
Term
organic compound
Definition
compound containing carbon atoms
Term
peptide bond
Definition
covalent bond between two amino acid units formed by the dehydration reaction
Term
polar compound
Definition
compound made up of molecules joined by asymmetrical polar bonds
Term
polymer
Definition
long molecule consisting of many similar or identical monomers linked together
Term
product
Definition
chemical substance formed as a result of a chemical reaction
Term
base
Definition
reduces the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution
Term
dissociation
Definition
act of separating or state of being separated
Term
reactant
Definition
starting material in a chemical reaction
Term
pentose sugar
Definition
monosacchride sugar containing five atoms of carbon
Term
triglyceride
Definition
energy rich compound made up of a single molecule of glycogen and 3 molecules of fatty acid
Term
steroid
Definition
has a 4 ring structure type of lipid
Term
substrate
Definition
the reactant on witch an enzyme work
Term
RNA
Definition
type of nucleic acid consisting of rucleotide monomers with a ribosome sugar and the nitroigen base
Term
hypothesis
Definition
tentative answer to a well framed question
Term
protein
Definition
3d biological polymer constructed from a set of 20 different monomers called amino acids
Term
polysaccharide
Definition
polymer of up to over a thousand monosaccharides formed by dehidration
Term
polypeptide
Definition
a polymer of many acids linked together by peptide bonds
Term
concentration
Definition
measure of the amount of subcompoment
Term
solute
Definition
substance that dissolved in a solution
Term
solvent
Definition
dissolving agent of solution
Term
carbohydrate
Definition
a sugar or one of its dimers of polymer
monosaccharide, dissaccharide, polysaccharides
Term
dipeptide
Definition
combonation of two amino acids
Term
condensation reaction
Definition
reaction with two or molecules becom covalent bonded
Term
Nonpolar
Definition
electrons are shared between two atoms
Term
molecular masss
Definition
sum of atomic weight
Term
solution
Definition
homogenous liquid mixture of 2 or more substances
Term
capilarity
Definition
blood vessel that penatrates tissue
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