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Chapter 3
Chapter 3
44
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
01/30/2012

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Term
Consciousness
Definition
Our awareness of ourselves and our environment
Term
Dual Processing
Definition
The principle that information is often simultaneousy processed on seperate conscious and unconscious tracks.
Term
Selective attention
Definition
the focusing of conscious awareness on a particular stimulus
Term
Inattentional Blindness
Definition
Failing to see visible objects when our attention is directed elsewhere.
Term
Change Blindness
Definition
Failing to notice changes in the environment
Term
Circadian Rhythym
Definition
The biological clock;regular bodily rhythms 
Term
REM Sleep
Definition
Rapid Eye movement sleep; a recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur. Also known as paradoxical sleep because the muscles are relaxed but other body systems are active
Term
Alpha Waves
Definition
the relatively slow brain waves of a relaxed, awake state
Term
sleep
Definition
periodic, natural loss of consciousness - as distinct from unconsciousness resulting from a coma,genearl anesthesia or hibernation
Term
hallucinations
Definition
false sensory experiences such as seeing something in the absence of an external visual stimulus
Term
delta waves
Definition
the large, slow brain waves associtated with deep sleep
Term
Insomnia
Definition
Recurring problems in falling or staying asleep
Term
narcolepsy
Definition
a sleep disorder characterized by uncrontrollable sleep attacks. The sufferer may lapse directly into REM sleep, often at inopportune times.
Term
sleep apnea
Definition
a sleep disorder characterized by temporary cessations of breathing during sleep and repeated momentary awakenings
Term
Night terrors
Definition
a sleep disorder characterized by high arousal and an appearance of being terrified; unlike nightmares,night terrors occur during Stage 4 sleep,within two or three hours of faling asleep, and are seldom remembered.
Term
dream
Definition
a sequence of images, emotions, and thoughts passing through a sleeping person's mind. Dreams are notable for their hallucinatory imagery,discountinuities, and incongruities,and for the dreamers delusional acceptance of the content and later difficulties in remembering it.
Term
Manifest Content
Definition
according to Freud, the remembered storyline of a dream
Term
Latent Content
Definition
According to Freud , the underlaying meaning of a dream
Term
REM Rebound
Definition
The tendency for REM sleep to increase folowing REM sleep deprivation
Term
Hypnosis
Definition
a social interaction in which one person (the hypnotist) suggests to another (the subject) that certian perceptions, feelings,thougths or behaviors will spontaneously occur.
Term
Posthypnotic suggestion
Definition
a suggestion made during a hypnosis session ,to be carried out after the subject is no longer hypnotized; used by some clinicians to help control undesired symptoms and behaviors.
Term
Dissociation
Definition
a split in consciousness which allows some thoughts and behaviors to occur simultaneously with others.
Term
Psychoactive Drug
Definition
a chemical substance that alters perceptions and moods.
Term
Tolerance
Definition
The diminishing effect with regular use of the same dose of a drug, requiring the user to take larger and larger doses before experiencing the drug's effect.
Term
Withdrawl
Definition
the discomfort and distress that follow discontinuing the use of an addictive drug
Term
Physical Dependence
Definition
a physiological need for a drug marked by unpleasant withdral symptoms when the drug is discontinued
Term
Psychological dependence
Definition
a psychological need to use a drug,such as to relieve negative symptoms
Term
addiction
Definition
compulsive drug cravings and use, despite adverse consequences
Term
Depressants
Definition
drugs /alcohol,barbituates, opiates that reduce neural activity and slow body functions
Term
Barbituates
Definition
drugs that depress the activity of the cns reducing anxiety but impairing memory and judgement
Term
Opiates
Definition
Opium and its derivatives such as morphine and heroin; they depress neural activity,temporarily lessening pain and anxiety.
Term
stimulants
Definition
caffeine,nicotine, amphetamines, and the even more powerful cocaine,ecstasy and meth. that excite neural activity and speed up body functions
Term
amphetamines
Definition
drugs that stimulate neural activity, causing speeded-up body functions and associated energy and mood changes
Term
meth
Definition
a powerful addictive drug that stimulates the cns with speeded up body functions and associated energy and mood changes overtime appears to reduce baseline dopamine levels.
Term
Ectasy (MDMA)
Definition
a synthetic stimulant and mile hallucionogen. Produces euphoria and social intimacy but with short -termhealth risks and longer-termharmto serotonin-producing neurons and to mood and cognition
Term
hallucionogens
Definition
psychedelic drugs such as lsd that distort perceptions and envoke sensory images in the absence of sensory input.
Term
lsd
Definition
a powerful hallucionogenic drug; also known as acid
Term
near -death experience
Definition
an altered state of consciousness reported after a close brush with dealth often similar to drug -induced hallucionations.
Term
THC
Definition
the major ingredient in marijuana,triggers a variety of effects,including mild hallucinations.
Term
Social Influence Theory
Definition
In terms of hypnosis, if a psychologist said that it reflects the power of social roles and suggestions, they would be using which explanation of the hynotized state?
Term


culture

Definition
By inventing customs and passing them on to their peers and offspring, chimpanzees exhibit the rudiments of:
Term
the biological clock that regulates bodily rhythms
Definition
The circadian rhythm is:
Term
Narcolepsy
Definition
A sleep disorder where REM sleep enters a persons waking state is:
Term
latent content
Definition
Freud called the underlying meaning of a dream the:
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