Term
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Definition
| a moleculeconsists of two or more atoms chemically bonded to one another |
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Term
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Definition
| strong bonds in which electrongs are SHARED equally between atoms |
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Term
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Definition
| small molecules that in turn in turn bond with each other to form larger molecules called polymers |
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Term
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Definition
| larger mol,.ecules made up of severalmonomers |
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Term
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Definition
| are not actually bonds, resultof weak ELECTROSTATICINTERACTIONS b/w hydrogen atoms and more elctroneg atoms such as oxygen or nitrogen |
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Term
| polar molecules tend are what in water? |
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Definition
hydrophilisc
""like attracts like" |
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Term
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Definition
| hydrophonic- dislike water |
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Term
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Definition
1. proteins (amino acids
2. nuclei acids (polymers of nucleotide--> DNA and RNA)
3. lipids
4. polysacharides |
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Term
| hydrophobic interaction plays a crucial role in what> |
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Definition
1. enzyme binding substrates
2. protein confirmation
3. stabilization of RNA and cell membranes |
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Term
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Definition
| have important structural and enzymatic roles |
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Term
| most abundant macromolecuyle in cell (dry weight) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
DNA and RNA
remember dna of prokaryotes are floating in cytsol in circular chains |
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Term
| function of lipids in macromolecules |
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Definition
it is a polar compond with both hydrophobic and hydroophillic properties
* play crucial role as membrane backbone and storing molecules |
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Term
what are polysaccharides
what is it held together by
function |
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Definition
polymers of sugar units held together by glycosidic bonds
-function: important in cell wall as storage molecules |
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Term
| what are the 2 key featurues of water making it a biological solvent |
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Definition
| has polarity and cohesiveness |
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Term
| how does doesp polarity function inwater? |
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Definition
| has hydrophillic and phobic characteristics |
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Term
| why is polarity important???*** |
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Definition
1. many macromolecules are also polar makingit readily dissolvable in water "like attracts like"
2. promotes stability of large molecule thru H bonding
3.forces nonpolar substrates to be repelled |
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Term
| `importance of cohesivness in water |
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Definition
| waters have high affinity forone another creating an ordered arrangement |
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Term
| 2 noninformationalmacromolecules |
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Definition
| polysaccarides and lipids- basically, play a passiverole in structure and function |
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Term
| 4 informational macromolecules (containing information?) |
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Definition
1. dna
2.rna
3. proteins
4.nucleic acids |
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Term
| what are carbohydrates (what are it's composition rations) |
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Definition
Carbon: Hydrogen: Oxygen
1:2:1 |
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Term
commonality b/w DNA and RNA structure, function
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Definition
has a pentose- cyclopentane ring
function pentoses: backbone of nucleic acid DNA/RNA |
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Term
| What the differences betweem the pentoses (5 carbon ring) of DNA vs RNA |
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Definition
DNA- has a hydrogen base--> DEOXYRIBOSE
RNA- has a hydroxyl base--> RIBOSE |
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Term
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Definition
| sugar molecules reponsible for cell wall production and E reserve |
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Term
| differences between disacchardie trisaccharide, oligosacrracaride, and polysaccaride |
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Definition
| different numbers of carbons |
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Term
function of glycosidic bonds
2 difference forms? |
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Definition
- covalent bonds linking sugards toiogether ub chain of polysaccarides (alpha and beta forms)
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Term
| difference between alpha and beta chain? |
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Definition
alpha- has a cis H substituent (glycogen)
beta- trans relationship (cellulose) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| what does it mean for lipids to have amphipatpathic properties |
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Definition
| possesing hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties |
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