Term
|
Definition
Daughter of Jawaharlal Nehru; installed as figurehead prime minister by Congress party bosses in 1966; strong-willed and astute politician, soon became central figure in Indian politics; maintained position through 1970s and passed it on to her sons.
Significance: -instance of women gaining power, albeit through ties with famous or influential men
Analyze: -women's rights were often little more than words on paper; some gains were still made in education, legal rights, and occupational opportunities, though |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
First president of Philippines in post-Marcos era of late 1980s; served from 1986-1992; husband was assassinated by thugs in pay of the Marcos regime, so she was one of the key leaders in the popular movement that toppled the dictator.
Significance: -participated in overthrow of Marcos; became first Filipino president
Analyze: -ties with husband boosted status, but still made headway in reforms that reversed oppression of Marcos regime |
|
|
Term
page 813
Jawaharlal Nehru
(1889-1964) |
|
Definition
One of Gandhi's disciples; governed India after independence (1947); committed to program of social reforms and economic development; preserved civil rights and democracy.
Significance: -India's first prime minister
-maintained civil rights and democracy
-instituted social and economic reform
Analyze: -post-colonial India was in desperate need of governmental restructuring and refinement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Twice prime minister of Pakistan in 1980s and 1990s; first ran for office to average father's execution by military clique then in power.
Significance: -example of women beginning to play a small but increased role in politics
Analyze: -connections to powerful father heightened her influence in politics |
|
|
Term
page 813
Religious revivalism |
|
Definition
Approach to religious belief and practice that stresses literal interpretation of texts sacred to religion in question and application of precepts to all aspects of social life; increasingly associated with revivalist movements in Christianity, Islam, Judaism, and Hinduism.
Significance: -further eroded rights of women (encouraged veiling and stoning)
-reinforced strict social conventions
Analyze: -sacred texts interpreted as truth and/or taken to an extreme |
|
|
Term
page 818
Gamal Abdul Nasser
(1918-1970) |
|
Definition
Took power in Egypt following military coup in 1952; enacted land reforms and used state resources to reduce unemployment; ousted Britain from Suez Canal zone in 1956
Significance: -radical approach to social and economic reform (e.g. land redistribution, lower food prices, universal education)
Analyze: -believed state could carry out desperately needed reforms without outside help; subsidies and state funded jobs increased |
|
|
Term
page 818
Free Officers Movement |
|
Definition
| Military nationalist movement in Egypt founded in 1930s; often allied with Muslim Brotherhood; led coup to seize Egyptian gov't from khedive in July 1952. |
|
|
