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chapter 33 moder biology
vocab
36
Biology
Not Applicable
04/24/2005

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Term
abscisic acid
Definition
a hormone in plants that helps regulate the growth of buds and
the germination of seeds (651)
Term
abscission zone
Definition
the area at the base of a leaf petiole where the leaf breaks off
from the stem (651)
Term
Agent Orange
Definition
an herbicide comprised of 2,4-D and another auxin that was
used to defoliate jungles during the Vietnam war (649)
Term
apical dominance
Definition
a plant growth pattern in which branches near the shoot tip
are shorter than branches farther from the shoot tip (649)
Term
apical dominance
Definition
a plant growth pattern in which branches near the shoot tip
are shorter than branches farther from the shoot tip (649)
Term
auxin
Definition
a plant hormone that regulates cell elongation (647)
Term
auxin
Definition
a plant hormone that regulates cell elongation (647)
Term
biennial
Definition
a plant having a two-year life cycle (658)
Term
bolting
Definition
the rapid lengthening of internodes caused by gibberellic acid (658)
Term
chemotropism
Definition
plant growth in response to a chemical (654)
Term
critical night length
Definition
a species-specific requirement for darkness during the
flowering process (656)
Term
cytokinins
Definition
plant hormones that promote cell division (651)
Term
day-neutral plant
Definition
a plant unaffected by day length (656)
Term
ethephon
Definition
a synthetic chemical that breaks down to release ethylene gas; used
to ripen fruit (650)
Term
ethylene
Definition
a gaseous hormone produced by various parts of plants and released
into the air (650)
Term
fall color
Definition
in leaves, color changes from a lack of chlorophyll caused by a
photoperiodic response and temperature changes (656)
Term
gibberellin
Definition
a plant hormone that, among other actions, stimulates bolting and
cessation of dormancy (650)
Term
gravitropism
Definition
a plant growth response to gravity (654)
Term
growth regulator
Definition
a hormone that stimulates or inhibits plant growth (647)
Term
growth retardant
Definition
a chemical that retards plant growth (651)
Term
hormone
Definition
chemical messengers that allow a plant to respond to its
environment (650)
Term
indoleacetic acid
Definition
(IAA) an auxin produced in actively growing regions of
plants (647)
Term
long-day plant
Definition
a plant that flowers when exposed to day lengths longer than
the plant’s critical length (656)
Term
naphthalene acetic acid
Definition
(NAA) synthetic auxin used to promote root
formation on stem and leaf cuttings (648)
Term
nastic movement
Definition
a type of plant movement that is independent of the direction
of the stimuli (654)
Term
nyctinastic movement
Definition
plant movement in response to the daily cycle of light
and temperature (655)
Term
photoperiodism
Definition
a plant response to changes in day length (656)
Term
phototropism
Definition
plant growth in response to light (652)
Term
phytochrome
Definition
a pigment in plants that monitors changes in day length (657)
Term
short-day plant
Definition
a plant that flowers when exposed to day lengths shorter than
the plant’s critical length (656)
Term
solar tracking
Definition
the phototropism of leaves or flowers as they follow the sun’s
movement across the sky (653)
Term
2,4-D
Definition
an important, synthetic auxin used as an herbicide (649)
Term
thigmonastic movement
Definition
a type of nastic movement that occurs in response to
touching or shaking a plant (654)
Term
thigmotropism
Definition
a plant’s growth response to touching a solid object, as in the
tendrils of vines that coil when they touch an object (653)
Term
tropism
Definition
plant movement toward or away from an environmental stimulus (652)
Term
vernalization
Definition
the requirement that some seeds or spores be exposed to cold
before they can germinate (658)
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