Term
| Characteristics of echinoderms? |
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Definition
-all saltwater aquatic organisms
-endoskeleton of spiny plates
-radial symmetry |
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Term
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Definition
-sea lilies
-sea cucumbers
-brittle stars
-sea urchins, sand dollars
-sea stars |
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Term
| On the oral surface of a sea star, each arm has ________ surrounded by _____ |
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Definition
| On the oral surface of a sea star, each arm has AN AMBULACRAL GROOVE surrounded by TUBE FEET |
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Term
| What are tube feet used for? |
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Definition
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Term
| Each arm of a starfish contains _______ and _______ |
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Definition
| digestive glands and gonads |
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Term
| What is the structure on starfish that keeps the body surface free of debris? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe how sea stars feed |
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Definition
-opens bivalve with its tube feet
-everts cardiac stomach through open shell and releases enzymes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Describe how a starfish's water vascular system works |
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Definition
-locomotion by tube feet
-water enters through madreporite on aboral side
-madre porite leads into canals, and these lead into each arm
-water is pumped by tube feet
-suction is created by each small foot |
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Term
| Asexual/sexual ways a starfish reproduces? |
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Definition
-a body fragment, if large enough, can regenerate an entire animal
-gonads produce gametes |
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Term
| At some point in history, each chordate has what? |
|
Definition
-notocord
-dorsal tubular nerve cord
-post-anal tail
-pharyngeal pouches |
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Term
|
Definition
-dorsal rod for support
-replaced by spinal column in vertebrates |
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Term
| Define: dorsal tubular nerve cord |
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Definition
-contains a canal filled with fluid
-protected by spinal column in vertebrates |
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Term
|
Definition
-become gills in invertebrate chordates, fishes, and some amphibian larvae
-only present in embryonic development in most vertebrates |
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Term
| Evolutionary tree of chordates? |
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Definition
| tunicate-->lancelet-->jawless fish-->cartilage fish-->bony fish-->amphibians-->reptiles-->birds-->mammals |
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Term
| What is the fancy version of the evolutionary tree of chordates? |
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Definition
| eurochordata->cephalochordata-->agnantha-->chondricthyes-->osteichthyes-->amphibia-->reptilia-->aves-->mammalia |
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Term
| What do tunicates and lancelets have in common? |
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Definition
| all invertebrate chordates |
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Term
| What was the first fish to develop jaws? |
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Definition
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Term
| Some early bony fish had ____ |
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Definition
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Term
| What was the terrestrial adaption for reproduction concerning reptiles? |
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Definition
| amniotic egg for development outside the body |
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Term
| What was the terrestrial adaption for reproduction concerning mammals? |
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Definition
| placenta, internal development |
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Term
| What was the terrestrial adaption for reproduction concerning birds? |
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Definition
| amniotic egg for development outside the body |
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Term
|
Definition
-sea squirts
-outer tunic, 2 siphons which can squirt water
-filter feeders |
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Term
|
Definition
-live in shallow coastal waters
-knife shaped bodies |
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Term
|
Definition
-had 4 chordate characteristics at some point in life
-living endoskeleton system of cartilage/bone
-closed circulatory system with pumping heart
-paired appendages
-efficient respiration and excretion of wastes
-high degree of cephalization |
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Term
| What is the term for an animal that makes its own body heat? |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| body temperature matches the environment |
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Term
| How have fish adapted to life in water? |
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Definition
| sperm and eggs released into water, fertilization external |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Which is a parasite/scavenger - hagfish/lampreys? |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe cartilaginous fish |
|
Definition
-placoid scales
-lateral line system |
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Term
|
Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
salamanders
frogs
toads
newts |
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Term
|
Definition
-tetrapods
-jointed appendages
-ectothermic
-larger brain than in fish
-3 chambered heart
-metamorphic life cycle |
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Term
|
Definition
| -turtles, tortoises, snakes, lizards |
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Term
|
Definition
-amniote egg covered with leathery shell
-3 chambered heart in some, true four |
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Term
| how do snake tongues "taste the air"? |
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Definition
| fork ends go in slits, brain reads the environment |
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Term
| Feathers are really what? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the adaptions for flight? |
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Definition
-4 chambered heart for oxygen delivery
-endothermic -regulate body temp above ambient
-forelimbs modified for flight - wings
-navigational senses |
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Term
|
Definition
| common urogenital opening |
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Term
| What do mammals have to provide insulation? |
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Definition
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Term
| What mammalian evolutionary trait allows care for young without having to leave them? |
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Definition
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Term
| Three groups of mammalians? |
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Definition
| monotremes, marsupials, placentals |
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Term
|
Definition
-egg-laying mammals
-modified sweat glands, secrete milk onto body surface |
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Term
|
Definition
-duck-billed platypus
-spiny anteater |
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Term
|
Definition
-pouch animals
-begin development w/in female's body, born very immature and development is completed w/in a pouch |
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Term
|
Definition
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Term
| Constant internal body temperature has benefited placental mammals how? |
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Definition
| allows optimum nerve and enzyme functions |
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Term
| What's so great about placental mammal limbs? |
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Definition
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Term
| Orders of placental mammals? |
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Definition
-chiroptera
-perissodactyla
-cetacea |
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Term
|
Definition
| bats, wings supported by digits for flight |
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Term
|
Definition
| horses, long hoofed legs for speef |
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Term
|
Definition
| whales, paddle-like forelimbs |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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