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Chapter 30
Fishes and Amphibians
35
Biology
9th Grade
05/23/2010

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Term
fishes
Definition
vertebral column, cranium, endoskeleton, most have streamlined shape, fins, gills, lateral line.
Term
agnatha
Definition
jawless
Term
chondrichthyes
Definition
cartilaginous
Term
osteichthyes
Definition
boney
Term
hagfish
Definition
rough tongue used to pinch off fish off another fish. burrows into dead fish and eat internal body parts
Term
lamprey
Definition
disk shaped mouth with circular rows of teeth attached to a host and feed on its blood.
Term
notochord
Definition
supporting rod that in most animals develops into the backbone
Term
placiod
Definition
scales found on the external body of sharks
Term
dorsal nerve cord
Definition
in most animals, this structure develops into the spinal cord.
Term
sharks
Definition
lack opperculums and have a cartilage skeleton
Term
teeth
Definition
sharks, teeth structure depends on species and feeding habits.
Term
Olfactory bulbs
Definition
found in the brain and are used to analyze smell.
Term
gills
Definition
used for gas exchange
Term
rectal gland
Definition
removes excess sodium and chloride ions from the blood
Term
claspers
Definition
reproductive fins on male sharks that transfer sperm into female's body.
Term
pharyngeal pouches
Definition
paired structure in the throat that can develop into gills
Term
vertebrae
Definition
a strong rod, that replaces the notochord in the back.
Term
internal skeleton
Definition
strong bony structure that supports, protects, and is a place where muscles attach
Term
tunicates
Definition
filter-feeders that are commonly called seasquirts
Term
lancelets
Definition
fish-like creature that lives on the sand ocean floor.
Term
ceolocanth
Definition
biologist believed that the appendages could later be used to climb on land
Term
operculum
Definition
hard plate that opens at the rear and covers and protects the gills.
Term
caudual fin
Definition
tail, forward movement
Term
dorsal fin
Definition
top, paired, defense.
Term
anal fin
Definition
steering, below tail
Term
pelvic fin
Definition
navigating, below and behind the head
Term
pectoral fin
Definition
stop/slow fish down, side of head.
Term
fishes heart
Definition
3 chambers
Term
counter current flow
Definition
system that allows a higher level of oxygen diffusion
Term
swim bladder
Definition
organ that regulates gas for buoyancy in a fish
Term
lateral line
Definition
a row of sensory pores that detect vibrations in the water
Term
digestive system
Definition
the six places where food would travel: mouth, pharnyx, esophagus, stomach, intestine, anus.
Term
accessory organs
Definition
(liver) produces bile, breaks down fat. (Gallbladder) stores excess bile, pancreas produces and releases enzymes to break food down.
Term
tunicates
Definition
filter-feeders that are commonly called sea-squirts.
Term
lancelets
Definition
fish-like creature that lives on the sand ocean floor.
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