Term
| When Muhammad tried to convert the people of Mecca to the new religion, he was what? What did he do? |
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Definition
| As a conqueror. He banned worship of the old gods and proclaimed Islam to be the religion of Arabia. Soon, most of the Arabian Peninsul was united under Muslim rule. |
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Term
| Why is the Arabian enviornment hard to live in? |
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Definition
| The Arabian enviornment is hard to live in because of the harsh desert conditions. There is little to no water, and the source of survival for nomadic and settled people were oases. |
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Term
| How did an oasis become a town? |
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Definition
| If a group of people settled by an oasis, then they would attract more and more people until they became a town. |
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Term
| Allah is the name Muslims gave to whom? |
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Definition
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Term
| Many people in the Middle Eastern countries favored the rule of Arabians over the rule of Byzantine and Persian empires. Why was that so? |
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Definition
| Year of warfare had left their empires weak and vulnerable. They were involved in war, where Arabians weren't as involved. |
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Term
| Give two facts about the Qur'an |
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Definition
| To Muslim people, the Qur'an is the word of God. It is the record of the revelations to Muhammad over a period of 22 years. THe Qur'an was made 19 years after Muhammad's death. It hasn't ben changed much since then. |
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Term
| Give two facts about the Sunnah. |
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Definition
| The Sunnah is the other key source of Islamic thought. It provides Muslims with guidelines for living a proper life. It also helps interpret difficult parts of the Qur'an. It is hased on accounts from people who knew Muhammad during his lifetime. The written record of the Sunnah is the Hadith. By following the SUnnah, Muslims know they are being faithful to Islamic principles. |
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Term
| Tell three things about Islam. |
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Definition
| Islam spread in three phases. The first was by Arabian conquest, the second, by non-Arabian conquest, and the third, by peaceful spread by merchants and traders. They had many reasons for success. They declined the Byzantine and Persian empires, they had skilled Arab armies, and they had energy and religious zeal. They also had tolerance for other religions. As long as non-Islamic people paid their special tax, they were free to worhsip whoever they pleased. |
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Term
| Tell the difference between Shiites and Sunnis |
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Definition
| The Sunnis group believed that the caliph should be a leader, not religious authority. THey also believed that the next caliph shoul be chosen by leaders of the Muslim community. On the other hand, the Shities thought that relatives of Muhammad were inspired by God and only they should have the right to become caliph. |
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Term
| ESSAY QUESTION- What are the five pillars of Islam? WHy are they important to Muslims? |
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Definition
| The five pillars of Islam are important to Muslims because they are the duties of a good Muslim and should be followed. They firs tpillar is a declaration of faith. The second pillar is prayer. Muslims are expected to pray five times per day. In many Muslims communites, a muezzin, or prayer caller announces the time of prayer. When in prayer, the Muslims are supossed to pray kneeling and facing the direction of Mecca. The thir pillar is Almsgiving. Alms is good or money given to the needy. Islamic people believe that it is their duty to share their wealth with the poor. THe fourth pillar is fasting. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims are supposed to fast from sunrise to sun set. Fasting is when you don't eat or drink for a period of time. The fifth and final pillar is pilgrimage, of hajj. Pilgrimage is a journey to a sacred place or shrine. THe sacred destination for Muslim pilgrims is Mecca. The Qur'an requires every Muslim to make the hajj at least once, if possible. By bringing people from all over the world, the hajj strengthens the Islmaic community. During hajj, pilgrims take part in many rituals. The most important is circling the Kaaba. The Kaaba is a cube like building, which contains a sacred black stone. Muslims believe that the black stone was sent from heaven. Pilgrims are to circle the Kaaba seven times, hoping to touch or kiss the stone at least once. Over many centuries, the touch of pilgrims has worn the stone smooth. |
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Term
| What are the 5 pillars of Islam? |
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Definition
| Declaration of Faith, Prayer, Almsgiving, Fasting, and Pilgrimage (hajj) |
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Term
| What is prayer. Provide details |
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Definition
| Prayer is one of the pillars of Islam. Islamic people are supposed to pray five times a day. In Muslim communities, a prayer caller announces the times of prayer. When Muslims pray, they are often kneeling and facing Mecca. |
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Term
| What is a Declaration of Faith? Details. |
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Definition
| Declaration of Faith is when a Muslim declares his or her faith. |
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Term
| What is Almsgiving? Details. |
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Definition
| Alms is goods or money given to the needy. Muslims believe that it is their responsibility to help the poor. |
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Term
| What is Fasting? Details. |
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Definition
| Fasting is not eating or drinking for a period of time. During the month of Ramadan, Muslims aren't supposed to eat from sunrise to sunset. |
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Term
| What is Pilgrimage? What is another name for Pilgrimage? Details. |
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Definition
| Another name for Pilgrimage is hajj. Pilgrimage is a journey to a sacred place. For Muslims, that sacred place is Mecca. The Qur'an requires every Muslim to make the hajj once, if possible. The hajj brings people from around the world. Because of that, it strengthens the Muslim community. There, pilgrims participate in many rituals. THe most important one is the circling of the Kaaba. The Kaaba is a cube like building that contains a black rock that Muslims believe to be set down by the heavens. In the ritual, pilgrims circle around the kaaba seven times, hoping to touch or kiss the stone. Over many centuries, the stone has been worn smooth from pilgrims touching it. |
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