Term
| How many Amino Acids exist in our diet? |
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Definition
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Term
| During catabolism of amino acids, the final reaction, after the removal the amino group, is to send that amino group on to its next series of reactions. What is the name of that series of reactions? |
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Definition
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Term
Carbon Skeleton
1. What is it? |
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Definition
| Answer: the Amino Acid without the N [Nitrogen] |
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Term
Oxidative deamination
IN:
1. _______ _______
2. ________
OUT:
3. _______ ________
AcCoA
4. ________
5. ________ |
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Definition
IN:
1. Amino Acids
2. NAD+
OUT:
3. Carbon Skeleton
AcCoA
4. NH3
5. NADH |
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Term
| How does energy come out of oxidative deamination? |
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Definition
Answer:
-Carbon Skeleton
-NADH |
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Term
| How does energy go into out oxidative deamination? |
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Definition
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Term
Urea Cycle
1. Where does the conversion of ammonia to Urea occur?
2. What happens to the Urea after it is transported to the kidneys?
3. Approximately, how many molecules of Urea are formed from molecules of ammonia? |
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Definition
1. The Liver
2. Urea is transferred to urine for excretion
3. Half the amount (100 molecules of ammonia -> 50 molecules of Urea |
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Term
Hyperammonemia
1. What is it?
2. What is it caused by?
3. What are they symptoms?
4. What is the treatment?
5. Why is it rare? |
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Definition
1. A hereditary defect, specifically inborn error of metabolism
2. Caused by a defect in both genes for any one of the enzymes in the urea cycle
3. Symptoms include: Lethargy, ataxia (poor muscle coordination), and mental retardation in infants.
4. Very small amounts of protein many time a day to just supply amino acid pool.
5. Rare because people with it usually die before they reproduce. |
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Term
Nonessential Amino Acids
1. How do we get them?
2. How much of the total 20 Amino Acids do they account for? |
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Definition
1. Our bodies are able to synthesize these Amino Acid
2. About half of the 20. |
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Term
Phenylketonuria (PKU)
1. What is it?
2. What does it result in?
3. What is causes by undetected PKU?
4. How can it be treated? |
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Definition
1. Defects in the enzyme needed to catabolize phenylalanine.
2. Results in elevated concentration of phenylalanine in all body fluids including blood and urine.
3. Mental retardation by 2nd month of line.
4. Treatment consist of:
-Phenylalanine free formula for infants.
-Diet free of any meat or other protein containing food.
-A Special flour made for bread. |
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Term
Essential Amino Acids
1. How do we get them?
2. How are they synthesized?
3. What source have all essential amino acid? |
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Definition
1. Obtained from food.
2. Synthesized by plants and microorganisms
3. Meet sources and combination of legumes, grains, and nuts. |
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Term
| Since our body doesn't store Amino Acid, where can the Amino Acids be found? |
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Definition
| Answer: Available in limited amounts in the blood and liver. |
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Term
| To make non-essential Amino Acids, you need: ________________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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