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chapter 2
atomic structure
36
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/21/2013

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Term
an _____ is a subatomic particle that circles an atoms nucleus
Definition
nucleus
Term
atom
Definition
the smallest particle of an element is called
Term
ION
Definition
AN ____ IS A CHARGED ATOM OR MOLECULE
Term
PRECIPITATION
Definition
ACID _____ IS CAUSED BY POLLUTANTS THAT COMBINE WITHT WATER IN THE AIR.
Term
MATTER
Definition
_____ IS ANYTHING THAT OCCUPIES SPACE AND HAS MASS
Term
MOLECULES
Definition

TWO OR MORE ATOMS HELD TOGETHER BY COVALENT BONDS FORM A

Term
NUCLEUS
Definition
PROTONS ARE FOUND IN AN ATOM'S _____
Term
TENSION
Definition
THE COHESION OF WATER MOLECULES IS RESPONSIBLE FOR SURFACE
Term
COHESION
Definition
IS THE TENDDENCY OF WATER MOLECULES TO STICK TOGETHER
Term
ISOTOPES
Definition
VARIANT FORMS OF AN ELEMENT WITH DIFFERENT NUMBERS OF NEUTRON ARE CALLED
Term
NEUTRON
Definition
A ---- IS A SUBATOMIC PARTICLE WITH NO ELECTRICAL CHARGE
Term
COVALENT BOND FORMATION
Definition

BIOLOGICALLY IMPORTANT ATOMS ARE CARBON, HYDROGEN, OXYGEN, AND NITROGEN.  THESE ATOMS ARE THE DIRECT SHARING OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN ATOMS.

 

Term
TEMPERATURE
Definition
MEASURES THE INTENSITY OF HEAT
Term
POLAR
Definition
ELECTRONS ARE SHARED UNEQUALLY IN A COVALENT BOND
Term
ELEMENTS
Definition
THERE ARE 92 NATURALLY OCCURRING
Term
COMPOUNDS
Definition
A____ COMPOUNDS CONTAINS TWO OR MORE ELEMENTS IN A FIXED RATIO
Term
HYDROGEN
Definition
WEAK BONDS BETWEEN WATER MOLECULES ARE CALLED ____ BONDS.
Term
ACID
Definition
AN _____ DONATES h+ IONS TO SOLUTIONS
Term
COVALENT
Definition
A ____ BOND IS FORMED WHEN TWO ATOMS SHARE ELECTRONS
Term
PROTONS
Definition
A _____ IS A POSITIVELY CHARGED PARTICLE FROM THE NUCLEUS OF AN ATOM
Term
SOLVENT
Definition
iN A SOLUTION, THE DISSOLVING AGENT IS CALLED THE _______.
Term
SOLUTIONS
Definition
A_____ IS A LIQUID CONTAINING A UNIFORM MIXTURE OF SUBSTANCES.
Term
IONIC
Definition
WHEN TWO IONS OF OPPOSITE CHARGES ATTRACT EACH OTHER, AND ____ BOND FORMS.
Term
SOLUTE
Definition
THE ____ IS THE SUBSTANCE DISSOLVED IN A SOLUTION.
Term
BASE
Definition
A ____ ACCEPTS H+ IONS AND REMOVES THEM FROM SOLUTION.
Term
WHAT IS THE MAXIMUM   ELECTRON SHELLS ARE ALLOWED IN THE INNER SHELL
Definition
2
Term
HOW MANY ELECTRONS ARE ALLOWED IN THE SUBSEQUENT ELECTRON CELLS?
Definition
8
Term
WHAT IS THIS MAXIMA OF EIGHT ELECTRONS OFTEN REFERRED TO?
Definition
OCTET RULE
Term
WHAT DIRECTION DO THE SHELLS FILL, INNER TO OUTER OR OUTER TO INNER?
Definition
FROM INNER TO OUTER
Term
WHAT IS IT CALLED WHEN THE OUTER SHELL HAS NOT FILLED TO THE CAPSITY OF 8 ELECTRONS
Definition
VALENCE ELECTRONS
Term
CHEMICAL BONDS
Definition
ATOMS WITH VACANCIES IN THEIR ELECTONS SHELLS WILL NOT REMAIN AS SUCH, THEY WILL ACT IN A MANNER TO ALLEVIATE THIS SITUATION.
Term
IONIC BOND
Definition
THE STRON GORCE OF ATTRACTION THAT EXISTS BETWEEN THES TWO IONS, AFTER THE TRANSFER OF AN ELECTRON HAS OCCURRED
Term
WHAT ELEMENTS/ATOMS ON THE PERIODIC TABLE UTILIZ THIS MECHANISM OF ION FORMATION TO FILL ELECTRON VACANCIES?
Definition

SODIUM - Na

CHLORINE - Cl

MAGNESIUM - Mg

CALCIUM - Ca

POTASSIUM - K

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