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Chapter 28
Musculoskeletal Injuries
18
Medical
Not Applicable
05/25/2005

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Term
Components of the Musculoskeletal system
Definition
Bones, joints, muscles, cartilage, tendons and ligaments.
Term
Classifications of bones
Definition
Long, short, flat, and irregular
Term
Periosteum
Definition
A strong, white, fibrous material covering the bones in which blood vessels and nerves pass as they enter and leave the bone
Term
Most common bone injury
Definition
Break or fracture
Term
3 kinds of muscles
Definition
skeletal (voluntary), smooth (involuntary), and cardic (myocardium)
Term
Muscles found in the walls of organs and digestive structures
Definition
Smooth or involuntary
Term
Muscles that are connected tot he bones as well as the muscles in tht ongue, pharynx, and upper esophagus
Definition
Skeletal or voluntary
Term
Cartilage
Definition
connective tissue that covers the outside of the bone end (epiphysis) and acts as a surface for articulation, allowing for smooth movement at joints
Term
Tendons
Definition
connective tissue that bind muscles to bones
Term
Ligaments
Definition
connective tissues that bind bone to bone
Term
Types of mechanisms that cause musculoskeletal injuries
Definition
Direct force, indirect force, and twisting force
Term
Traction splint
Definition
A splint that applies constant pull along the length of the leg to help stabilize the fractured bone and reduce muscle spasms
Term
Fracture
Definition
Any break in a bone
Term
Dislocation
Definition
Disruption or "coming apart" of a joint
Term
Sprain
Definition
Stretching and tearing of ligaments
Term
Strain
Definition
A muscle injury caused by over-stretching or over-exertion of the muscle
Term
Closed Extremity Inury (1)
Open Extremity Injury (2)
Definition
(1) Injury in which the skin is not broken.
(2) Injury in which the skin has been broken or torn through from the inside by the injured bone or from the outside by something that has caused a penetrating wound with associated injury to the bone
Term
Signs and Symptoms of Musculoskeletal Injuries
Definition
Pain and tenderness; deformity or angulation; grating or crepitus; swelling; bruising (ecchymosis); exposed bone ends; joints locked into position; nerve and blood-vessel compromise
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