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| Nerve Cell; basic unit of Nervous System; carries impulses throughout body |
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| Central Nervous System; includes BRAIN and SPINAL CORD |
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| Peripheral Nervous System; 12 pair cranial nerves; 31 pair spinal nerves |
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| Bundles of many neurons surrounded by connective tissue |
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| Neurons that carry impulses TOWARD CNS |
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| Highly specialized cells respond to specific stimuli (chemo___; photo___; mechano___) |
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| Located in CNS; these interpret information and plan response |
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| Neurons that carry impulses AWAY from CNS → Effector cells |
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| Automatic (no brain) muscle response; sensory, interneuron, & motor neuron |
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| Neuron fibers that receive signals & carry impulses TOWARD cell body |
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| Neuron fiber carrying impulse AWAY from nerve cell body (action potential) |
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| Fatty insulating sheath surrounding axons of motor neurons (faster impulse) |
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| Spaces along AXON between myelin sheaths; impulses jump between nodes |
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Definition
Voltage across membrane of RESTING neuron (-70mV) |
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| Na+ / K+ pump pushes 3Na+ our and 2K+ inside (active transport using ATP) |
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| Voltage change across across membrane; Na+ ions rush in (may initiate action potential) |
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| Autocyclic, sequential depolarization along axon after threshold is reached |
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| Measured by RATE of incoming action potentials |
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| Junction between two neurons or between neuron & effector (muscle or gland) |
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| Chemical signal from neuron across synapse to effector cell |
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| Main neurotransmitter between neurons & at neuralmuscular junctions |
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| Tiny space between two neurons or between neuron and effector cell |
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| From CNS; voluntary motor innervation of skeletal muscles |
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| From CNS; involuntary motor innervation of cardiac, smoothe muscle, glands |
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| Division of AUTONOMIC system; activates "fear-flight" (norepinephrine) |
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| Largest BRAIN region; two hemispheres (thought, sensation, motor control) |
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| Thick band of 100 million neurons; connects two cerebral hemispheres |
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| Just below cerebrum; center for coordination of body movement (adjustment and balance) |
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| Lower brain region; (midbrain, pons, and medulla oblingata) |
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| Relay station (gray matter) between incoming sensation and Cerebral Cortex |
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| Master control center of ENDOCRINE system (hunger temperature, thirst, emotion) |
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