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Chapter 2
Life's Chemical Basis
31
Biology
Undergraduate 1
12/09/2011

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Term
Basis of human body
Definition
electrons
Term
Shell Mode
Definition
2
8
8
Term
Atomic Number:
H
He
C
N
O
F
Na
Definition
H-1
He-2
C-6
N-7
O-8
F-17
Na-20
Term
ionic bond
Definition
attraction of charges with two opposite charge ion with large difference in electronegativity
Term
Hydrophili
Hydrophobic
Definition
Hydrophilic-Water loving
Hydrophobic- hates water
Term
Nonpolar
Polar
Definition
Nonpolar have identical electronegativitiy
Polar has different ones
Term
Hydrogen Bond
Definition
weak attraction between high electronegative atom and hydrogen atom
Term
Acids
Definition
pH below 7 donate hydrogen ions
Term
bases
Definition
accept hydrogen ions
above 7 in pH
Term
buffer system
Definition
increases or lowers pH in body
Term
Electrons
Neutrons
Protons
Definition
Electrons - negative chharge
N-neutral
P-positve
Term
Atomic number
Definition
number of protons
Term
Mass Number
Definition
total protons and neutrons
Term
Ion
Definition
atom with (+) or (-) charge due to loss or gain of electrons
Term
Solvent can dissolve __
Definition
solutes
Term
radioactive decay
Definition
transformatino of one element to another
Term
how many elements make up human body
Definition
58
Term
isotopes
Definition
different forms of the same element with different number of neutrons
Term
True or false:
Every type of atom consists of protons, neutrons, and elctrons.
Definition
False.
Term
Electrons carry a __ charge
Definition
negative
Term
A(n) __ is any molecule to which a radioisotopehas been attaached for research or diagnostic purposed.
Definition
tracer
Term
Atoms share electrons unequally in a(n) __ bond
Definition
polar covalent
Term
In a hydrogen bond, a covalently bound hydrogen atom weakly attractsan _ atom in a different molecule or a different region of the same molecule.
Definition
elctronegative
Term
liquid water shows ____
Definition
hydrogen bonding capacity
notable heat resistance
cohesion
Term
when disolved in water __ donates H+ and a ___ accepts H+
Definition
acid
base
Term
a __ is dynamic chemical partnership between a weak acid and its salt
Definition
buffer system
Term
atomic nucleus components
Definition
protons
neutron
Term
two atoms sharing electrons
Definition
covalent bond
Term
any polar molecule that readily disolves in water
Definition
hydrophilic substance
Term
releases ions other than H+ and OH- when disolves in water
Definition
salt
Term
makes up less than 0.001 percent of body weight
Definition
trace element
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