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Chapter 2
2-3 Carbon Compounds
12
Biology
9th Grade
10/16/2011

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Term
Monomer
Definition
Small unit that can join together with other small units to form polymers
Term
Polymer
Definition
Large compound formed from combinations of many monomers
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
Compound made up of carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen atoms; major source of energy for the human body
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
Single sugar molecule
Term
Polysaccharide
Definition
Large macromolecule formed from monosaccharides
Term
Lipid
Definition
Macromolecule made mainly from carbon and hydrogen atoms; includes fats, oils, and waxes
Term
Nucleic Acid
Definition
Macromolecule containing hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, carbon, and phosphorus
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
Monomer of nucleic acids mad up of a 5-carbon sugar, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
Term
Ribonucleic Acid (RNA)
Definition
Single-stranded nucleic acid that contains the sugar ribose
Term
Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA)
Definition
Nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose
Term
Protein
Definition
Macromolecule that contains carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and nitrogen; needed by the body for growth and repair and to make up enzymes
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
Compound with an amino group (NH2) on one end and a carboxyl group (COOH) on the other end
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