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Chapter 2
Vocab
34
Biology
Undergraduate 2
08/30/2011

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Term
Atom
Definition
Basic unit of matter. Protons+Neutrons+Electrons
Term
Nucleus
Definition
Protons+Neutrons which is at the center of the atom
Term
Electron
Definition
Negatively charged particle with 1/1840 the mass of the proton. Constant motion
Term
Element
Definition
A pure substance that consists entirely of one type of atom
Term
Isotope
Definition
Atoms of the same element that DIFFER in the number of NEUTRONS
Term
Compound
Definition
2 or more elements are combined
Term
Ionic Bond
Definition
When one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another
Term
Ion
Definition
+/- charged atoms that are transferred during bonding
Term
Covalent Bond
Definition
Electrons are shared between atoms
Term
Molecule
Definition
Smallest unit of most compounds ex:water molecule
Term
van der Waals forces
Definition
A slight attraction btwn oppositely charged regions of nearby molecules
Term
Cohesion
Definition
Attraction btwn molecules of the same substance
Term
Adhesion
Definition
Attraction btwn 2 different substances
Term
Mixture
Definition
Physically mixed together but not chemically
Term
Solution
Definition
All components are evenly distributed throughout
Term
Solute
Definition
The substance that is dissolved
Term
Suspension
Definition
Nondissolving material
Term
pH scale
Definition
Indicates the concentration of H+ ions in a solution
Term
Acid
Definition
Compounds that form H+ ions 1-6
Term
Base
Definition
Compounds that form OH- ions 8-14
Term
Buffer
Definition
Weak acids and bases that can react with strong ones to prevent sharp, sudden changes in pH
Term
Solvent
Definition
The substance that is dissolving
Term
Monomer
Definition
Term
Polymer
Definition
Term
Carbohydrate
Definition
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
Term
Polysaccharide
Definition
Term
Lipid
Definition
Term
Nuleic Acid
Definition
Term
Nucleotide
Definition
Term
Ribonucleic Acid RNA
Definition
Term
Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNA
Definition
Term
Protein
Definition
Term
Amino Acid
Definition
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