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| are leaders who control their nation by force. |
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extreme nationalism and racism
It began in ITALY, Benito Mussolini made it popular. |
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| took over in germany and openly professed their extreme anti semitism - hatred of the jews |
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| a single party and its leader suppress all opposition and control all aspects of people's lives |
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| Germany, Italy, later Japan |
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| British Empire, Soviet Union, USA |
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| Hitler promised not to invade the Soviet Union. Hitler broke this promise shortly after the war began. |
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| britain and france thought that they could avoid war by accepting german's demands |
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| lightning war (fast attack) |
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| at night, all lights were out and windows were covered by black curtains or paper |
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| allowed the US to sell, lend, or lease weapons and arms to any nation considered "vital to the defense of the US" |
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| an organization who thought that the US should stay out of European business. |
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| Drawn up by FDR and Winston Churchill in August 1941. Set goals for the world after the Allies defeat the Nazis. |
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| giving up military weapons |
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December 7, 1941
7:55am
ATTACKED |
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| military and civilian preparations for war |
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| consumers could buy only limited numbers of them. (shoes, gasoline, tires, sugar, and meat, etc) |
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| detention center for west coast Japanese americans; crowded and uncomfortable; harsh conditioned |
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| In 1944, in Korematsu v. United States, the Supreme Court upheld the order providing for the relocation of Japanese Americans. In 1988 Americans issued a formal apology and agreed to give each survivor $20,000. |
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North African Campaign, The Desert War, Operation Torch.
AXIS: Erwin Rommel
ALLIED: Dwight D. Eisnhower |
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| fighting took place in Egypt, Libya, Morocco, and Algeria. |
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| Erwin Rommel, leader of the Axis powers in the Desert War. Launched offensive, lost @ El Alamein. |
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The allies can now attack the Axis powers in Italy and allows them to plan a major invasion of France!
The Allies turned the germans back and prevented them from gaining control of the suez canal
After this victory, the allies started to attack in the east, pinning rommel and his army in tunisia. rommel surrendered may 13, 1943. captured 275k. |
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| The Battle of Normandy, largest sea invasion in history. Early morning hours (began) Soldiers from around the world took part in massive offensive. 5 different beaches, utah, omaha, gold, juno, sword. omaha suffered the worst. etc, paris liberated @ august 25, 1944. |
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| The Battle of Normandy, largest sea invasion in history. Early morning hours (began) Soldiers from around the world took part in massive offensive. 5 different beaches, utah, omaha, gold, juno, sword. omaha suffered the worst. etc, paris liberated @ august 25, 1944. |
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| The Battle of Normandy, largest sea invasion in history. Early morning hours (began) Soldiers from around the world took part in massive offensive. 5 different beaches, utah, omaha, gold, juno, sword. omaha suffered the worst. etc, paris liberated @ august 25, 1944. |
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Erwin Rommel and Gerd Von Runstedt is in charge of this atlantic wall.
The Germans built a defensive line along the French coast facing Britain to defend against the looming invasion. The invasion successfully took place in July 1944 overpowering a week spot in the Atlantic wall/defensive line in Normandie. |
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| One of the beaches @ the attack of D-Day |
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| One of the beaches @ the attack of D-Day Suffered the worst. |
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| One of the beaches @ the attack of D-Day |
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One of the beaches @ the attack of D-Day
Hitler fails at sending tanks. |
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One of the beaches @ the attack of D-Day
Hitler fails at sending tanks. |
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"Night of the Broken Glass" November 9, 1938
Seemed like it was a random act of violence but it was planned by Goebbels. (Basically, violence on Jews) |
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| Fenced off from the rest of town. Small, established in 1939. Disease spread rapidly, food was scarce. People died of starvation, disease, or cold. several families in one month |
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| Mobile Killing Squads, would kill communists or anyone against the Third Reich in Europe Only break in the systematic killing of Jews. |
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| April 19, 1943 Jews in Warsaw ghetto heard about people getting transferred and gassed to death. Jews fired upon German Soldiers. Used weaposn that they had smuggled into the ghetto. Lasted for a month. |
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| Jan 20, 1942. Held by Reinhard Heydrich Chief of SS. Final Solution was reached. Extermination of Jews in Europe. Keep secret from the rest of world. ORganized camp system throughout europe, Zyklon B kill jews. |
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| Extermination of Jews in Europe. Keep it a secret from rest of the world. |
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| organized a camp system throughout Europe, would now use gas to kill Jews (Poison Gas, whats the name?) |
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| a place where jews would be brought to work until their death |
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| a place where jews would be brought and sent straight to the gas chamber to die |
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transported to 6 camps throughout europe, older people and children were almsot always sent straight to death. Young men/women sent to work in camps/ decided when you registered at the train station.
Aushwitz - Biggest camp
Ruldolph Hoess commander @ auschwitz. |
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| Biggest Camp - concentration and extermination |
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| Nazis tried for crimes against humanity after World War 2 |
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| SS troops captured 120 Americans, rounded them up, and shot them with machine guns. |
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| strategic point because of road access. |
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| One week later - eisenhower accepts unconditional surrender of Germans. Designates may 8, 1945 as V-E day (victory In Europe Day) Ended the war on european front. |
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| Americans hopped islands in order to get to Japan.adopted strategy to push japan all the way to their own land then defeat them. |
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| Japanese suicide pilots who would crash into US Naval Ships |
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| Designed for the creation of an Atomic bomb |
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| "Little Boy" and "fat man" atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima and Nagasaki. |
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| July 26, 1945 - Truman meets with the other Allies in Germany and warns the Japanese - "Surrender or you will be destroyed!" No response, Truman gives the OK |
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| The Enola Gay piloted by Paul Tibbets takes off from the Island of Tinien at 2am (Plane that took the Little Boy, atomic bomb) |
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| planned invasion of Japan by the Allied troops that never happened. |
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| The devastation of this bigger bomb forces the surrender of Japan aboard the USS Missouri in Tokyo Bay in 1945 |
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| Franklin Delano Roosevelt |
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| FDR PRESIDENT, DIED april 12, 1945. |
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| VICE PRESIDENT, LATER BECAME PRESIDENT OF US GIVES OK TO DROP BOMB |
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| France was led by this guy. |
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| England was led by this guy. |
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| came to power in 1920s as communist leader. (SOVIET UNION) at first was axis, but then becomes allied!!!! YAY |
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| Some crazy dude. Talked about the unfairness of the Treaty of Versailles and Germany's bad economy. |
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| was in control in Japan leading up to the war, but he was basically controlled by Japan's military. Invaded China, Signed alliance (Axis Powers) |
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| Italy Dictator, made facism popular (extreme nationalism and racism) in italy. Head of government, banned all political parties except for Facist Party. Rembered for attacking Ethiopia and neighboring country Albania. |
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| Prime Minister of Japan, thought that the japanese could defeat the US in a war. |
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| This person led the Axis Powers in the North African campaign. AKA Desert Fox |
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| Supreme allied commander, put in charge of planning D-Day |
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| One of the generals/commanders placed in charge of his Atlantic wall (In the D-day, battle of normandy) |
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| "angel of death" doctor @ Auschwitz, would experiment on Jews. Would inject them with diseases, let them die, then dissect them. purpose was to help german soldiers in battle. |
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| Chief of SS, Wannsee conference was held by this person. |
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| director of the program, he is given credit for the creation of the bomb (Manhattan Project) |
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| The Enola Gay piloted pay this person takes off from the Island of Tinien at 2am |
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| why did president truman decide to drop the aotmic bomb on japan? |
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| because if they did the operation olympic (invasion of japan) they would have lost a lot of soldiers. so instead he gave japan a warning and dropped the bomb |
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CAUSE OF WORLD WAR TWO
social causes |
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After WWI germany's economy fails like US economy
- many people in germany lost pride in their country, allowing adolf hitler to come to power |
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CAUSE OF WORLD WAR TWO
Political causes
IMPORTANT |
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-Rise of dictators in Germany, Spain, Italy, Japan, and the Soviet Union
- the failure of the league of nations to prevent conflict led to this war because not enough powerful nations joined
- Hitler the Nazi Party
- facism leads to an alliance between germany + italy |
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economic causes
CAUSE OF WORLD WAR TWO
IMPORTANT |
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The great depression affects countries other than the US
-Germany was struggling after WWI
- japan wanted its economy to grow but lacked resources. they invaded other countries in asia to get those resources |
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military causes-
IMPORTANT |
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-non aggression pact > an agreement between hitler + stalin in which stalin agreed not to interfere when germany invaded poland as long as hitler left the soviet uion alone.
- germany wants a global empire
- japan wants a global empire
- appeasement after hitler invaded austria
+ czechoslovakia, england + france agreed to leave hitler alone if he promised not to expand any further |
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| hitler blamed the jews for the hardships germany faced after WWI > anti-semitism |
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