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Chapter 2
Psychological Research
24
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
08/28/2011

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Cards

Term
Goals of Psychology
Definition
Describe, Predict, Explain, and Control behavior
Term
Scientific Method
Definition
1. Define and Describe the issue.
2. Form a testable hypothesis.
3. Choose an appropriate research strategy.
4. Conduct the study to test your hypothesis.
5. Analyze the data.
Term
Predictive Hypothesis
Definition
An educated guess about the relationships among variables
Term
Casual Hypothesis
Definition
An educated guess about how one variable will influence another variable
Term
Naturalistic Observation
Definition
Observing behavior in the environment tin which the behavior typically occurs
Term
Case Study
Definition
An in-depth observation of one person
Term
Generalizability
Definition
How well a researcher's findings apply to other individuals and situations
Term
Correlation
Definition
The relation ship between 2 or more variables
Term
Correlation Coefficient
Definition
Number that tells the strength between 2 factors. ranges from -1.00 to +1.00.
Term
Positive Correlation
Definition
A relationship in which increases in one variable correspond to increases in the second variable
Term
Negative Correlation
Definition
A relationship in which increases in one variable correspond to decreases in the second variable
Term
Experiment
Definition
The only research method that can test a casual hypothesis.
Term
Independent Variable
Definition
The variable in an experiment that is manipulated.
Term
Dependent Variable
Definition
The variable in an experiment that measures any effect of the manipulation
Term
Confounding Variable
Definition
Any factor that affects the dependent measure other than the independent variable.
Term
Randomization
Definition
When all people have an equal chance of being selected to participate in a study.
Term
Population of Interest
Definition
The entire universe of animals or people that could be studied.
Term
Sample
Definition
The portion of the population of interest that is selected for a study.
Term
Random Assignment
Definition
Participants have an equal chance of being placed in any condition of the study.
Term
Quasi-experiment
Definition
A research study that is not a true experiment because participants are not randomly assigned to the conditions of the study.
Term
Institutional Review Board (IRB)
Definition
A committee that reviews research proposals to ensure that ethical standards have been met.
Term
Informed Consent
Definition
Research participants agree to participate after being told about aspects of the study.
Term
Confidentiality
Definition
Researchers do not reveal which data were collected from which participant
Term
Debriefing
Definition
After an experiment, participants are fully informed of the nature of the study.
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