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Chapter 2
The Brain
44
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
09/02/2009

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Term
D: Dendrite
Definition
Receive electricity from the previous neuron
Term
Electricity gets pushed out _____ to another _____
Definition
axon
Term
D: Axons
Definition
Send electricity out to the next neuron
Term
At the end of each axon are _____
Definition
axon terminals
Term
D: axon terminals
Definition
Branches at the end of the axon that hold neurotransmitters and empty them into the synapse
Term
D: synapse
Definition
Fluid-filled space between neurons
Term
Synapse contains _____
Definition
Neurotransmitters and other chimcals
Term
The swimming pool for chemicals is also known as the _____
Definition
synapse
Term
D: Soma
Definition
the cell body of the neuron
Term
The chemical factory is the _____
Definition
Soma
Term
What are the two main brain functions?
Definition
Chemical and Electrical
Term
Describe the chemical function of the brain
Definition
Neurotransmitters, neuropeptides (neural regulators) such as endorphines
Term
D: Endorphines (in general)
Definition
pain killers
Term
Describe the electrical function of the brain
Definition
Neurotransmitters lock into the keyhole, open the channel (receptor sites), go back to floating around in the synapse, electricity passes through the open channels, neurotransmitters go back on their buses.
Inhibitory neurotransmitters are the bullies that block the receptor cites to limit the amount of neuron connection from one neuron to another
Term
D: Neurotransmitters
Definition
Chemicals that alter activity in neurons; brain chemicals
Term
Acetylcholine -->
Definition
Activates muscles
Term
Dopamine -->
Definition
musical control
Term
Serotonin -->
Definition
Mood and apetite control
Term
D: Inhibitory neurotransmittres
Definition
block the receptor sites (bullies)
Term
D: Synaptic Vesicla
Definition
tiny sac where neurotransmitters are stored (the buses)
Term
D: Receptor sites
Definition
Areas on the surface of the neuron and other cells that are sensitive to enruotransmitters or hormones (the keyhole)
Term
The Cerebrum...
Definition
Voluntary movements: sensations, learning, remembering, thinking, emotion, consciousness
Judgment and decisions
Intelligence is measured by the size of the cerebral cortex to the brain
Term
The cerebrum talks to the _____
Definition
Limbic system
Term
The lymbic system...
Definition
is where your feelings happen
They are connected to the thought that started it
Term
Emotions (The Lymbic system) is connected to the _____
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
Emotions (The Lymbic system) is connected to the _____
Definition
hypothalamus
Term
The hypothalamus...
Definition
relays information to your body box
It controls hunger, thirst, temp, etc
Term
D: Corpus Callosum
Definition
The bridge that connects the two brains, a band of fibers connects the two hemispheres
Term
D: Reticular formation
Definition
The brain secretary, base of the brain stem
Arousal, attention, movement
Does not send some important responses to the brain immediately... only when attention is free the brain will register
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: heart rate
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: blood pressure
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: digestion
Definition
S: decrease
P: increase
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: sleeping
Definition
S: decrease
P: increase
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: sweating
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: eye dialation
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: adrenalin flow
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: sugar from the liver
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: elimination
Definition
S: decrease
P: increase
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: new cell growth
Definition
S: decrease
P: increase
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: endorphine production
Definition
S: increase
P: decrease
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: Sexual arousal
Definition
S; decrease
P: increase
Term
Decrease or increase under sympathetic and parasympathetic: immune system
Definition
S: decrease
P: increase
Term
D: biofeedback
Definition
Training for control of body functions using an instrument that measures changes in the body
Term
Galvic skin response and electrodermal response...
Definition
measures the electrical conductivity in the skin
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