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Chapter 24
Diseases of the Respiratory System
30
Microbiology
Undergraduate 1
04/26/2011

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Term
Streptococcal pharyngitis bacteria
Definition
S. pyogenes; Group A streptococci
Term
pathogenicity of strep pharyngitis
Definition
enhanced by resistance to phagocytosis, polysaccharide capsule, M protein; streptokinase and streptolysis
Term
Strep Pharyngitis diagnosis
Definition
rapid GAS test: Enzyme Immuno Assay (EIA)
Term
strep treatement
Definition
antibiotic therapy immediately
Term
scarlet fever disease
Definition
post GAS syndrome, production of erythrogenic toxin- a phage encoded producte
Term
scarlet fever symptoms
Definition
red rash and spotted tongue, having a strawberry-like appearance; upper layerof skin on tongue lost
Term
diphtheria bacteria
Definition
gram positive, aerobic pleomorphic rod
Term
diphtheria symptoms
Definition
sore throat and fever, malais and swellin of neck; appearnace of pseudomembrane clote in throat (dead epithelial cells, fibin, bacteria) can totally block airway
Term
diphtheria transmission
Definition
caused by aerosol droplet;
Term
Diphtheria toxin
Definition
all symptoms of disease; blocks protein symthesis in eukaryotic cells; fatal if high enough dose; encoded on bacteriophage
Term
diphtheria treatment
Definition
antibiotics and anti-toxin to be effective
Term
pertussis bacteria
Definition
gram negative, fastidious aerobic cocco-bacillus
Term
pertussis trasmission
Definition
inhalation of aerosol droplet, attaches to ciliated epithelial cells of airway
Term
pertussis pathogenicity
Definition
destroys celilated cells negatively impacting the respiratory elevator; toxins produced which kill these cells nd also neutrophils and othe rphagocytes
Term
pertussis toxin
Definition
enters blood stream responsible for systemic symptoms
Term
catarrhal stage
Definition
symptoms like common cold
Term
paroxysmal stage
Definition
prolonged sieges of coughing with characteristic gasping for air "whooping" sound
Term
convalescence stage
Definition
may last for months
Term
pertussis treatment
Definition
not effective after onset of paroxysmal stage but will reduce spread
Term
tuberculosis bacteria
Definition
obligate aerobic slender rod-shaped acid fast bacterium; facultative intracellular bacteriaT
Term
ziehl-neelsen stain
Definition
requires heat to impregnate waxy mycolic acid coate
Term
acid-fast staing
Definition
carbol-fuchsin followed by acid-alcohol decolorization; Tb remains stained, this "acid-fast"
Term
TB transmission
Definition
inhalation; reaches lunch the ingested by macrophage
Term
TB pathogeniity
Definition
tubercule (granuloma) formed where organism is walled off within alveoli as hard nodule
Term
miliary tuberculosis
Definition
due to many small tubercles formed in various tissues
Term
TB diagnosis
Definition
skin test- intradermal injection results in delayed reaction to antigen; fals positive if ever recieved vaccine
Term
if + skin and + x ray then what?
Definition
prophylactic drug treatment for 6 months- 1 yr
Term
legionellosis bacteria
Definition
aerobic gram negtive rod, facultative intracellular parasite; parasites of protozoa in nature
Term
legionnaires symptoms
Definition
fever, nonproductive cough, general lobar pneumonia symptoms
Term
legionnaires' progression
Definition
later stages of pneumonia include neurological symptoms such as confusion, delirium etc.
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