the liberal principles of democracy in politics after 1871 were slowed or even halted altogether after 1894 because growing anxieties in European political life.

Woman that renounced the traditional feminine roles during the early 1900s. Described by Montessori as being woman who follow a rational, scientific perspective.

(1870-1952) was a good example of the "new woman'. Became the first Italian woman to receive a medical degree. She also took on a lecture tour where she talked on the subject of the "new woman". She also worked in a school for mentally challenged children, where she developed a new style of teaching that allowed children to learn at their own pace. 

Jew who was captain of the France’s General staff

-he was found guilty by a secret military court early in 1895 of selling army secrets and condemned to life in prison on Devil’s Island

-evidence emerged to his innocence

-known as the Dreyfus affair-made republicans determined to make progress toward a democratic society by breaking power of Republic’s enemies

-ended political threat to 3rd Republic

Austrian Jewish journalist

-wrote The Jewish State in the summer of 1895

-analyzed the fundamental causes of anti-Semitism and devised a solution to the “Jewish problem”

-advocated “the Jews who wish it will have their state”

organized massacres of Jews

Failure by the government to enact social reform lead to a movement for laborers. This movement stressed the need for laborers to use their right to vote to secure the House of Commons. By the securing the House of Commons they would be able to pass legislation to benefit the laboring class. They favored evolution instead of revolution toward a socialist state. In 1900 the trade unions combined with them to become the Labour Party

A Liberal who was determined to help workers after being moved by the misery of Welsh coal miners. Abandoned the idea of laissez-faire and voted to provide benefits and a small pension to workers who suffered from sickness or injury and those who retired from their jobs. To pay for this program George increased taxes of the wealthy by a very little amount.

Group in Germany that supported its nationalistic goals. It stressed strong German nationalism and believed that imperialism could overcome social divisions and unite all the classes.  They were Anti-Semitic and thought that Jews were the destroyers of the national community.

Russia's territorial expansion to the south and east, esp. its designs on northern Korea, led to a confrontation with Japan. The war ended in 1905 with Russian defeat.

Troops opened fire on a peaceful demonstration killing hundreds and launching a revolution.

-tsar’s chief advisor 1906-1911

            -Agrarian reforms dissolved the ownership of land

            -opened door to private ownership by peasants

            -murdered

-European states embarked on an intense scramble for overseas territory

            - Europeans carved up Asia and Africa

            -way of rationalizing imperialism

            -white man’s burden to help and civilize countries

            -more religious view, faiths went to foreign colonies

-European finance dominated the economic activity of a large part of the world

            -Businesses established where they were most profitable

In the 1880s British policy in South Africa was largely determined by him. He was a great champion of British expansion. One of his goals was to create a series of British colonies from South to North Africa connected by a railroad. He started the Boer War when he tried to overthrow the government of the South African Republic without British approval and was forced to resign as prime minister of the Cape Colony.

Opened by the French in 1869. British took an active interest in Egypt after it was opened. They believed that it was their lifeline to India, so they wanted control of it. The British landed in Egypt and established a protectorate over Egypt. Then they seized the canal, narrowly avoiding a war with France.

"Society of Harmonius Fists" members aimed to push foreignors out of China through violent outbursts. They murdered foreign missionaries, Christian-Chinese converts, and a German diplomatic envoy to Beijing

- Emperor Mutsuhito called his reign the Meiji (Enlightened Government) New leaders who controlled the emperor now inaugerated a remarkable transformation of Japan. Youth were sent west to obtain western educations. Copied western industry/financial methods. Established German-style army and Bristish-style navy.

formed in 1883. moderate, educated Indians were beginning to seek self-government. By 1919, in reponse to British violence and insensitivity, Indians demaned complete independence.

met in summer 1848, demolished the treaty of san Stefano. It reduced the new balken state  and turned control of the rest over to the ottoman empire.

system of alliances geared to protecting peace and the status quo

dismissed Bismarck and created an activist foreign policy dedicated to enhancing German power

Greece, Serbia, Romania, and the Ottoman Empire defeated Bulgaria