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An evolutionary process in which one species is split up by some sort of geographical barrier so that the species can evolve differently.
Eg. One species of rabbits who once lived together are separated by a river (from a glacial melt). The rabbits will adapt to their environments differently. |
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| The model that says a species will diverge in relatively quick bursts instead of Darwin's theory of a slow gradualism. |
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If a sperm cell from one species fertilizes an egg from another species, their offspring will usually not grow to become fertile adults.
Eg. If a donkey and a horse have offspring, their children are called mules (they can't produce ze babies!) |
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| Evolution of many diversely adapted species from a common ancestor. |
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| A contribution of two different species to a polyploid hybrid. |
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| Mutant condition that occurs during cell division (results in an extra set of chromosomes) |
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| An individual that has more than 2 chromosome sets, all derived from a common species. |
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The production of a trend within a population by natural selection.
Eg. In a population of tall and short animals, if the tall animals are more likely to survive, they set a trend for speciation. |
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Speciation that takes place in geographically overlapping populations (because of chromosomal changes/mutations or nonrandom mating reduce gene flow)
Eg. A patch of green trees rise up in the middle of a forest of yellow trees with no geographical barrier |
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A reproductive barrier that stops fertilization of an egg in a different species from the sperm.
Eg... We can't have babies with dogs. |
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This encompasses a grand evolutionary change.
Eg. the formation of a new mammalian species |
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| Mechanisms that isolate you and give you no chance to mate with other species. |
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Two species can live in the same geographical area, but if they don't live in the same habitat, they can be prevented from mating.
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Species may breed at different times of the day, different seasons, or different years, and this can prevent them from mating.
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An isolating mechanism in which two species don't mate because of differences in courtship.
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PARTS don't FIT :)
Eg. Snails will only fit in certain shells. |
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Gametes of different species may fail to attract one another and form a zygote.
Eg. Marine animals often discharge their eggs and sperm into the surrounding water, where fertilization takes place. |
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When a zygote is formed, the fact that the 2 species are genetically incompatible may cause development to cease. MOst of the hybrids do not complete development, and those that do are frail.
:( |
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Even if 2 different species make viable offspring, reproductive isolation is still occurring if the offspring are sterile and can't reproduce.
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| If 2 different species produce a fertile offspring, that offspring may mate to produce weak offspring. |
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| Species that reproduce and form zygotes can suffer form _______ barriers to reproduction |
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| Behavioral Isolation explains why _____ is important in reproduction. |
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| Mechanical Isolation tells us that _____ potentially do not fit |
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