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Chapter 23: War and Revolution
World War I and Russian Revolution
39
History
9th Grade
04/30/2012

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Term
Triple Alliance
Definition
Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy
Term
Triple Entente
Definition
France, Great Britain, Russia
Term
Conscription
Definition
Military Draft
Term
Militarism
Definition
Aggressive preparation for war
Term
Black Hand
Definition
Serbian terrorist organization that wanted Bosnia to be free of Austria-Hungary and become part of a large Serbian kingdom.
Term
Gavrilo Princip
Definition
19 year old Bosnian serb, assassinated both Francis Ferdinand and his wife.
Term
Result of assassination of Ferdinand
Definition
Austria-Hungary declares war on Serbia
Term
Czar in Russia during the war
Definition
Czar Nicholas II
Term
Mobilization
Definition
Process of assembling troops and supplies and making them ready for war.
Term
General Alfred von Schlieffen
Definition
Guided the German military plan
Term
Propaganda
Definition
Ideas to influence public opinion for or against a cause.
Term
Battle of the Marne
Definition
German advance halted from Paris
Term
Trench Warfare
Definition
Form of war in the trenches in stalemate.
Term
Tannenberg and Masurian Lakes
Definition
Russians were defeated by the Germans at these places, making them no longer a threat.
Term
War of Attrition
Definition
War based on wearing the other side down by constant attacks and heavy losses.
Term
Total War
Definition
Complete mobilization of resources and people.
Term
Planned Economies
Definition
Systems directed by government agencies.
Term
Grigori Rasputin
Definition
Uneducated Siberian peasant who claimed to be a holy man who healed Alexandra's son.
Term
Reason for Rasputin's assassination
Definition
He was interfering in government affairs.
Term
The March Revolution
Definition
Strikes by working-class women in the capital city of Petrograd. 10,000 women marched demanding peace and bread, soon joined by other workers.
Term
Duma
Definition
Legislative Body
Term
Alexander Kerensky
Definition
Head of the Russian provisional government, decided to carry on with the war.
Term
Soviets
Definition
Councils composed of representatives from the workers and soldiers.
Term
Bolsheviks
Definition
Radical party dedicated to violent revolution headed by V.I. Lenin
Term
Leon Trotsky
Definition
Large reason for Red army triumph in the Russian civil war, reinstated the draft and rigid discipline.
Term
Treaty of Brest-Litovsk
Definition
Lenin signed the treaty with Germany to give up eastern Poland, Ukraine, Finland, and the Baltic Provinces.
Term
War Communism
Definition
Policy used to ensure regular supplies for the Red army. Government control of banks and most industries, seizing of grain from peasants, centralization of state administration under communist control.
Term
Red secret Police (Cheka)
Definition
Began Red Terror aimed at the destruction of all those who opposed the new regime.
Term
Erich von Ludendorff
Definition
Guided German military operations, made a grand offensive in the west to break the stalemate.
Term
Friedrich Ebert
Definition
Headed the social democrats in Germany and established a democratic republic.
Term
Armistice
Definition
Agreement to end fighting
Term
Woodrow Wilson
Definition
US president that proposed the fourteen points at the Paris Peace conference including the League of Nations.
Term
David Lloyd George
Definition
Prime minister of Great Britain wanted the Germans to pay.
Term
Georges Clemenceau
Definition
Premier of France, wanted national security and for Germany to pay.
Term
Reparations
Definition
Payments to cover the cost of the war.
Term
Treaty of Versailles
Definition
Germany responsible for starting the war, cut back navy and eliminate air force.
Term
New nation states from the war
Definition
Finland, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, Poland, Czechoslovakia, Austria, Hungary.
Term
Demilitarized Zone
Definition
Rhineland
Term
Mandates
Definition
Nation officially governed another nation on behalf of the League of Nations but did not own the territory.
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