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Chapter 23
Unit One
26
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/10/2014

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Term
Population
Definition
Smallest unit of evolution, group of individuals of the same species that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring
Term
Natural Selection Chooses Which Traits
Definition
Picks phenotypes, and indirectly adapts population by maintaining favorable genotype in the gene pool
Term
Genotype
Definition
Alleles that are not always seen
Term
Phenotype
Definition
Allele expression
Term
Microevolution
Definition
Change in allele frequency in population over generations
Term
Genetic Drift
Definition
Chance events that alter allele frequency
Term
Genetic Flow
Definition
Transfer of allele between population
Term
Genetic Variation
Definition
Variation in alleles of gene, occurs both within and among population
Term
Variation is because of....?
Definition
Phenotype, product of inherited genotype and environment influence
Term
Mutation
Definition
Random change in nucleotide
Term
Homozygote
Definition
Same allele
Term
Heterozygote
Definition
Different alleles in same pair of diploid cell.
Term
Allele Frequency
Definition
The number of times an allele is present
Term
Incomplete Dominance
Definition
Mixture (pink)
Term
Hardy-Weinberg
Definition
Population that is not evoloving
Term
Assumptions for Hardy-Weinberg Equilibrium
Definition
No mutation, no natural selection, no gene flow (population is not infinitely large), no random mating, no genetic drift
Term
Founder Effect
Definition
Few individuals are isolated from a larger population
Term
Bottleneck Effect
Definition
Drastic size reduction by chance
Term
Gene Flow
Definition
Movement in/out of population
Term
Fitness
Definition
Contribution an individual makes to the next generation relative to others
Term
Directional Selection
Definition
Favors single phenotype
Term
Disruptive Selection
Definition
Favors extremes
Term
Stabilizing Selection
Definition
Favors intermediates
Term
Sexual Dimorphism
Definition
Male and females are different
Term
Intersexual Selection
Definition
Same sex fight for the girl, males choice
Term
Neutral Variation
Definition
No adaptive value of one genotype over the other
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