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Chapter 22 Bacteria and Viruses
Vocabulary and things to know
15
Biology
9th Grade
05/02/2013

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Term

Reverse Transcriptase

Definition
An enzyme that enables the creation of DNA from RNA
Term
Rod
Definition
  • Shape of the tobacco mosaic virus
  • Gram-positive
  • Bacillus
Term
Capsid/Protein coat
Definition
  • protein coating surrounding the outside of the nucleic acid of a virus
Term
receptor binding protein
Definition
  • proteins located on the outside of the virus that enable it to bind to receptor sites on host cells
Term
lipid envelope
Definition
lipid covering located outside the capsid of some viruses that contains receptor proteins
Term
viral RNA/DNA
Definition
  • the nucleic acid that carry instructions to make viral proteins during transcription or reverse transcription
Term
fiber
Definition
extensions found on viruses that allow it to attach to the outside of a bacterial host
Term
apex
Definition
  • points on the capsid of some viruses that contain fiber extensions that allow it to bind to receptor sites on a host cell
Term
tail
Definition
  • found on bacterophage viruses that provides a pathway for the nucleic acids to travel from the capsid to the inside of the host cell
Term
HIV
Definition
retrovirus that causes Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome
Term
Influenza
Definition
  • The virus that causes the flu. There are two basic types, type A and type B
Term
prokaryote
Definition
  • single celled organism that does not contain organelles
Term
anaerobic
Definition
  • the creation of ATP that does not require oxygen. Most bacteria are anaerobic
Term
nucleosome
Definition
  • circular DNA found in the cytoplasm of bacteria
Term
plasmid
Definition
  • small ring of DNA that usually composed of a few genes that can contain instructions for antibiotic resistance.
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