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Chapter 2
N/A
28
Anatomy
Undergraduate 1
09/17/2011

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Term
Dissocation of water
Definition
H2O -> Hplus and OHnegative
Term
Pure water
Definition
Hplus and OH negative are equal
Term
Acids
Definition
Hplus is more that OHnegative
Term
Bases
Definition
OHnegative is more than Hplus
Term
pH scale
Definition
0 Acid, 7 neutral, 14 base
Term
Salt
Definition
NaCl -> Naplus and Canegative
Term
Molecules of Life
Definition
carbs, lipids, proteins, nucleic acids
Term
Carbohydrates
Definition
Short term energy storage, Carbon:Hydrogen:Oxygen (1,2,1)
Term
Monosaccharide
Definition
glucose, fructose, galactose, ribose, deoxyribose
Term
disaccharide
Definition
sucrose (glucose and fructose), maltose (glucose and glucose), lactose (glucose and galactose), together by glycosidic bonds
Term
polysacchride
Definition
starch, glycogen, chitin, cellulose
Term
Lipid
Definition
1 glycerol and 3 fatty acids (triglyceride)
Functions- long term enery storage
Term
Fat
Definition
mono/poly/saturated/unsaturated
Term
phospholipids
Definition
plasma membranes,
hydrophilic- water soluble
lipophilic- lipid soluble
polar head, non-polar tails
Term
steriods
Definition
cholesterol, testosterone, estrogen
Term
waxes
Definition
long chain fatty acids with a long chain alcohol
Term
Proteins
Definition
made of amino acids, peptide, polypeptide-peptide bond

Functions- structure, storage, transport, enzymes

structure- primary (1 chain), secondary (2 or 3 helix pleated chains together), tertiary (folded to make ball-like structure), quarternary (ball-like structures combined together to make one)
Term
Denaturation
Definition
change in temperature, pH, salt, chemical, radiation, to make proteins lose their function
Term
Nucleic Acids
Definition
polymer of nucleotides (phosphate, 5 carbon sugar, nitrogenous base) universal in living things
Term
DNA
Definition
deoxyribonucleic acid, double helix
Term
sugar
Definition
deoxyribose linear single strand
Term
Complementary base pairing
Definition
purine:pyrimidine
Term
Purines
Definition
Adenine (A) guanine (G)
Term
Pyrimidine
Definition
Cytosine (C) Thymine (T)
Term
RNA
Definition
Ribonucleic acid
Term
sugar
Definition
ribose
Term
Uracil
Definition
(U) base in RNA
Term
ATP
Definition
High energy compound, adenine, ribose, 3 phosphate, adenosine triphosphate. When broken down releases energy because it is made up of strong bonds
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