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Chapter 22
Frontiers of Microeconomics
16
Economics
Undergraduate 2
12/12/2011

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Term
Asymmetric Informatio
Definition
Difference in the access to information; one side of the market knows more than the other
Term
Hidden Characteristics
Definition
Something only the seller knows about a good
Term
Hidden Actions
Definition
An action that the employee knows about his/her productivity
Term
Moral Hazard
Definition
Tendency to underperform if not monitored
Term
Agent
Definition
a person who is performing an act for another person
Term
Principal
Definition
a person for whom another person is performing some act
Term
To avoid moral hazards...
Definition
- better monitor people
- higher wages
- delayed payment
Term
Adverse Selection
Definition
the tendency for the mix of unobserved attributes to become undesirable form the standpoint of an uniformed party.

Unwanted goods because of low quality.
Term
Signaling
Definition
an action taken by an informed party to reveal private information to an uninformed party
Term
Screening
Definition
The action taken by an uninformed party to induce an informed party to reveal information
Term
When someone knows more than others...
Definition
the market can fail
Term
Reasons why public policy doesn't really work
Definition
- private markets can help themselves sometimes
- government doesn't know anymore than the consumer
- government is imperfect
Term
Fair Insurance
Definition
the expected value of the claims is equal to the premium
Term
Risk Averse
Definition
Someone who prefers the less risky alternative
Term
Risk Neutral
Definition
A person who doesn't really care about risk. Cares more/only about expected wealth.
Term
Diversification
Definition
Spreading risks across many different investments.
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