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Chapter 22
Unit One
23
Biology
Undergraduate 2
09/10/2014

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Term
Evolution
Definition
Unifying theory of biology
Term
Decent with Modification
Definition
Change in population gene frequencies over time, small change over long time, evidence of natural selection
Term
Aristotle
Definition
"Great Chain of Being", linear system, species are fixed and unchanging
Term
Carolus Linnaeus
Definition
Binomial nomenclature, and Taxonomic classification, unchanging order by god, adaptions for a reason
Term
Fossil Records
Definition
Found in sedimentary rock
Term
Strata
Definition
Rock that represents time passing
Term
Catastrophism
Definition
Study of strata and fossil to learn about big events that killed all life
Term
James Hutton
Definition
Gradualism, change through cumulative slow continuous processes
Term
Uniformatarianism
Definition
Things that happened in the past are still happening
Term
Robert Malthus
Definition
Plants and animals produce more offspring than can survive, outstrip food supply, thus causing a struggle for survival
Term
jean-Baptiste de Lamarck
Definition
Evolution through use and disuse of a trait, and that you inherit acquired traits. But none of this is supported by research
Term
Darwins two Main Focuses
Definition
Adaption, variation
Term
Adaption
Definition
Inherited characteristics that enhance survival and reproduction in certain environments
Term
Variation
Definition
Among population
Term
Natural Selection
Definition
Driving force behind adaption, favorable traits have best chance of being passed down
Term
What does Natural Selection Explain
Definition
Adaption, unity, and diversity of life
Term
Modern Theory of Evolution
Definition
Populations evolve, not the individual
Term
Editing Processs
Definition
Selects for resistant individuals in population
Term
Homology
Definition
Similar bone structures in related species
Term
Vestigial Structures
Definition
Structures that are unusable now
Term
Analogous Structures
Definition
Similar structures in unrelated species, convergent evolution
Term
Transitional Fossil Record
Definition
Fossil forms consistent with major branches of decent in tree of life
Term
Biogeography
Definition
Geographic distribution of species
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