Term
| plasma membrane (plasmalemma) |
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Definition
| outer cell membrane; thin, flexible layer. |
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Definition
| firmly embedded in or strongly attached to lipid bilayer |
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Definition
| not embedded in lipid bilayer at all, attach rather loosely to membrane surface |
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| membrane proteins that have ability to bind to specific molecules arriving from outside the cell |
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Definition
| mechanism by which large particles and macromolecs enter cells |
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Definition
| invagination is called a coated pit in reference to a covering on this protein found on the cytoplasmic face of vesicle |
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Definition
"cell eating":
pseudopods protrude and flow around some large material, engulf it |
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Definition
| membranous vesicle that engulfs bacteria/debris |
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Term
| pinocytosis (fluid-phase endocytosis) |
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Definition
"cell drinking":
sampling extracellular fluid |
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Term
| receptor-mediated endocytosis |
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Definition
| exquisitely selective transport process, brings some molecules into cells |
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Definition
| other proteins in endocytosis, flasklike inpocketings of the plasma membrane |
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Term
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Definition
| mechanism by which substances move from cytoplasm to the outside of the cell. |
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Definition
| "cell-forming material" -- part of cell that lies internal to the plasma membrane and external to the nucleus |
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Term
| cytosol or cytoplasmic matrix |
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Definition
| jelly-like, fluid-containing substance within which other cytoplasmic elements are suspended. |
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Definition
| assembly line of the manufacturing plan, producing proteins for cellular or extracellular function. (proteins + rRNA) |
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Definition
| dictates genetic material to the ribosomes (messenger molecules) |
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Definition
| float freely in cytosol; make the soluble proteins that function within the cytosol itself |
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Definition
| a system of membranous envelopes and tubes in the cytoplasm of a cell |
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Term
| rough endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
consists of cisternae...
it's in glad cells (secrete large amounts of protein);
makes digestive enzymes;
makes both integral proteins and phosopholipid molecs of cell's membranes;
"Membrane factory" |
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Term
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Definition
| stacked envelopes,"fluid-filled cavities" |
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Term
| smooth endoplasmic reticulum |
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Definition
consists of tubules arranged in branching network;
makes or breaks up fats |
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Term
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Definition
stack of 3-10 disc-shaped envelopes, each bound by a membrane;
sorts, processes, and packages proteins and membranes from rER |
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Term
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Definition
| receives spherical, membranous transport vesicles from rER |
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Definition
| vesicles bud off from here to leave apparatus |
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Term
| secretory vesicles (secretory granules) |
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Definition
pathway 1: gland cells:
contains protein product, ultimately release contents to cell's exterior |
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Term
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Definition
spherical, membrane-walled sacs containing digestive enzymes;
intracellular digestion |
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Term
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Definition
rodlike, double-membrane structures; inner membrane flded into projections called cristae;
site of ATP synthesis |
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Definition
membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes;
detoxify number of toxic substances;
catalase breaks down Hydrogen peroxide |
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Definition
cylindrical structures made of tubulin proteins;
supports cells and gives it shape;
involved in intra and cellular movements;
forms centrioles |
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Term
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Definition
fine filaments of contractile protein actin;
involved in muscle contraction and other types of intracell movement;
help form cell's cytoskeleton |
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Definition
protein fibers;
stable cytoskeletal elements, resist tension forces acting on the cell |
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Definition
paired cylindrical bodies, each composed of nine triplets of microtubules;
organize microtubule network during mitosis to form spindle and asters;
form bases of cilia and flagella |
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Definition
surrounded by nuclear envelope; contains fluid nucleoplasm, nucleoli, chromatin;
responsible for transmitting genetic info and providing instructions for protein synthesis |
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Term
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Definition
double-membrane struction, pierced with pores, continuous w cytoplasmic ER;
separates nucleplasm from cytoplasm and regulates passage of substances to and from nucleus |
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Definition
dense spherical (non-membrane-bounded) bodies;
site of ribosome subunit manufature |
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Definition
granular, threadlike material composed of DNA and histone proteins;
DNA constitutes the genes |
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Definition
agressively reactive molecules, peroxisomes neutralize them to hydrogen peroxide
can destroy cell's proteins, membranes, and DNA |
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Definition
| elaborate network of rods running throughout cytosol. |
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Term
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Definition
| actin filaments interact with this protein to generate contractile forces within cell |
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Definition
| outer cloud of protein with centrosome |
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Definition
| store sugar in form of glycogen, which is a long branching chain of glocose molecules, cell's main energy source |
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Definition
| genetic material, direct's cell's activities by providing instructions for protein synthesis |
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Definition
| lines inner membrane of nuclear envelope; protein filaments which maintain shape of nucleus |
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Term
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Definition
| in the cell nucleus, dark-staining bodies |
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Term
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Definition
| extended chromatin is where DNA's genetic code is copied onto messenger RNA molecs in this process |
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Term
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Definition
in clusters of eight; disc-shaped protein molecules;
DNA helix wraps around these clusters |
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Term
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Definition
| each cluster of DNA and histones |
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Term
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Definition
| highest level of chromatin organization....contains single, very long molecule of DNA |
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