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Chapter 21
The Emergence of Urban America
56
History
Undergraduate 1
07/13/2013

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Term
Most of the people who moved to the Pacific coast and elsewhere in the American West lived:
Definition
In urban areas.
Term
By 1900, all of the following technologies helped transform mass transit: subways, electric trolleys, cable cars, and elevated trains EXCEPT
Definition
Gasoline-powered buses.
Term
Tenement houses in New York City:
Definition
Had higher mortality rates than the general population.
Term
Urban political bosses:
Definition
Often were the biggest source of assistance for city dwellers.
Term
With the move of American cities toward regular trash-collection services, by 1900 what percentage of cities provided this service?
Definition
94 percent.
Term
Cholera, typhoid fever, and yellow fever are all:
Definition
Water-related diseases.
Term
After 1890, most immigrants were:
Definition
Jews and Catholics.
Term
Which of the following is NOT true concerning a bill to exclude immigrants incapable of reading?
Definition
Wilson supported it.
Term
The exclusion of Chinese immigrants:
Definition
Originally called for a ten year exclusion.
Term
Ellis Island:
Definition
Received more than a million immigrants in its busiest year.
Term
Around 1900, saloons did all of the following EXCEPT:
Definition
Serve as a great place for immigrant men to meet woman.
Term
Vaudeville provided:
Definition
Variety shows for men, women, and children across classes.
Term
Frederick Law Olmstead is most famous for designing:
Definition
Great urban parks in America.
Term
What were especially popular with women who chafed at the restricting conventions of the Victorian era?
Definition
Bicycles.
Term
Dr. James Naismith invented:
Definition
The game of basketball.
Term
The first professional baseball team was the:
Definition
Cincinnati Red Stockings.
Term
The spread of public education between the 1880s and 1900 reflected the desire:
Definition
To stop the proliferation of religious (namely, Catholic and Jewish) schools.
Term
Women's access to higher education:
Definition
Came slowest in the South and at the oldest colleges in the East.
Term
Herbert Spencer:
Definition
Coined the phrase "survival of the fittest"
Term
A strict social Darwinist would object to all of the following: The graduated income tax, sanitation and housing regulations, regulation of medical quacks, the idea that the law of God and the law of nature might be the same thing EXCEPT
Definition
A governmental policy of hands-off in regard to business.
Term
The main idea of reform Darwinism was that:
Definition
Cooperation, not competition, would best promote progress.
Term
Lester Frank Ward's version of reform Darwinism argued all of the following: People compete, but they also collaborate, big government only hinders real progress in society, and government could help social progress by promoting education and eliminating poverty EXCEPT:
Definition
Humanity can control the process of evolution.
Term
John Dewey's instrumentalism:
Definition
Said that ideas were instruments for action.
Term
Samuel Clemens, aka Mark Twain:
Definition
Was the first great writer from west of the Appalachians.
Term
Stephen Crane and Jack London belonged to a literary movement called:
Definition
Naturalism.
Term
Progress and Poverty argued that:
Definition
Nobody had the right to the value that accrued from the land.
Term
Between 1866 and 1888, as people moved to the suburbs and became prosperous:
Definition
Churches followed, abandoning their sites in the cities.
Term
The social gospel movement argued that:
Definition
Greed was a crime against nature.
Term
Settlement house workers, in so far as they were paid, made up:
Definition
But a fraction of all gainfully employed women.
Term
In 1869, the women's movement split on the issue of:
Definition
Whether or not the movement should concentrate on female suffrage to the exclusion of other feminist causes.
Term
The National Consumers League:
Definition
Sought to make the public aware of labor conditions.
Term
Jane Addams...
Definition
started Hull House.
Term
Henry George...
Definition
wrote Progress and Poverty.
Term
Samuel Langhorne Clemens...
Definition
wrote under the name Mark Twain.
Term
Julia Ward Howe...
Definition
started the New England Women's Club.
Term
William James...
Definition
wrote Pragmatism.
Term
Theodore Dreiser...
Definition
wrote Sister Carrie.
Term
Washington Gladden...
Definition
preached the social gospel.
Term
Elizabeth Cady Stanton...
Definition
founded the National Woman Suffrage Association.
Term
Jack London...
Definition
was a believer in Nietzsche's doctrine of superman.
Term
Lester Frank Ward...
Definition
was the chief spokesperson for reform Darwinism.
Term
True/False: By 1920 more than half the U.S. population was urban.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: The spread of mass transit was a major factor in the growth of the suburbs.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Tenement housing gave city dwellers substantially healthier and more comfortable living conditions.
Definition
False
Term
True/False: One major task in big cities was disposing of horse waste.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: As late as 1900, most New York City residents were still native-born Americans.
Definition
False
Term
True/False: The peak decade of immigration was the 1890s.
Definition
False
Term
True/False: Padrones were hiring agents who secured jobs for immigrants in return for a share of their wages.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: In major cities, politics was often a form of public entertainment.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Most Asian immigrants entered the United States at Charleston, South Carolina, rather than at Ellis Island.
Definition
False
Term
True/False: Saloons were the poor man's social clubs during the late nineteenth century.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Major league baseball, integrated in the 1880s, was the first professional sport to treat blacks and whites equally (at least on the field).
Definition
False
Term
True/False: The modern American graduate school is based on the model of German universities.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Samuel Clemens, aka Mark Twain, wrote Roughing It.
Definition
True
Term
True/False: Jane Addams was the leading female novelist of the late nineteenth century.
Definition
False
Term
Elizabeth Cady Stanton argued that Susan B. Anthony's push for voting rights was "biologically and morally misguided."
Definition
False
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