Term
| A person with a relatively high concentration of diphosphoglyceric acid (DPG) inside his red blood cells would be expected to have: |
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Definition
| hemoglobin with reduced oxygen affinity. |
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Term
| What circulatory problem leads most directly to the formation of varicose veins? |
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Definition
| malfunctioning valves in veins |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is FALSE about breathing oxygen from air or water? |
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Definition
| Water can hold more oxygen than air can, in an equal volume. |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a likely characteristic of an organism that relies on simple diffusion for respiration? |
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Definition
| low surface area to volume ratio. |
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Term
| Birds and mammals have similar circulatory systems. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about their systems? |
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Definition
| All of the above are correct statements. |
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Term
| Llama hemoglobin has a higher affinity for oxygen. This is because: |
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Definition
| llamas evolved under conditions where the oxygen concentration (pO2) of the air is lower. |
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Term
| When it comes to acquiring fuel and raw materials, why does the size of a multicellular eukaryotic organism matter? Choose the BEST explanation. |
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Definition
| Larger organisms are made of more cells, most of which are no longer in direct contact with the outside world. |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a major difference between open and closed circulatory systems? |
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Definition
| Open systems are only found in flat organisms, while closed systems are found in organisms with more complex shape |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a typical type of lung damage that smoking causes? |
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Definition
| All of the above are typical of the damage smoking causes. |
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Term
| Why do many fish swim with their mouths open? |
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Definition
| They do this to ventilate their gills. |
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Term
| Organisms with an open circulatory system: |
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Definition
| pump fluid throughout the spaces of their body cavity where it mixes with tissue fluids. |
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Term
| Amphibians and reptiles have very similar circulatory systems. Which of the following is NOT a correct statement about their systems? |
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Definition
| Both systems have two atria and one ventricle, but in the amphibians, the ventricle is divided into two halves. |
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Term
| Which of the following statements is NOT true about the diving adaptations of marine mammals like the Weddell seal? |
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Definition
| Seals increase their blood pressure when they dive |
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Term
| Which of the following is LEAST conducive to the acquisition of oxygen from the environment? |
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Definition
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Term
| Fish have a closed circulatory system that is unique among other complex vertebrates. Which of the following is NOT an aspect of the fish's circulatory system? |
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Definition
| All of the above are correct. |
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Term
| Which of the following is the correct pathway air takes during a human inhalation? |
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Definition
| nasal passage; pharynx; trachea; bronchi; bronchioles; alveoli |
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Term
| Which of the following statements about the crocodilian circulatory system is FALSE? |
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Definition
| Crocodiles have open circulatory systems. |
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Term
| Which of the following is NOT a component of the blood plasma? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why is countercurrent exchange of oxygen in fish gills so efficient? |
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Definition
| It maintains a concentration gradient between the water and the bloodstream for the entire time that the water and blood vessel are in close contact. |
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Term
| Hearts found in organisms with open circulatory systems usually pumps the hemolymph directly into |
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Definition
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