1. The main active ingredient or reducing aagent in alaline perms is:

                  a) gylcerol monothioglycolate

                  b) ammonium thioglycolate

                  c) hydrogen peroxide

                  d) sodium hydroxide

2) The main active ingredient in acid-balanced waving lotion is:

                 a) gylcerol monothioglycolate

                 b) ammonium thioglycolate

                 c) hydrogen peroxide

                 d) sodium hydroxide

3) The degree to which hair absorbs waving lotion is related to its:

 a) texture

b) length

   c) elasticity

 d) porosity

4) The action of the waving lotion is to:

  a) discolor the hair

b) shrink the hair

  c) expand the hair

     d) condition the hair

5) It the hair breaks under very light strain, it has:

  a) excellent elasticity

   b) very good elasticity

c) average elasticity

   d) little or no elasticity

d) little or no elasticity

6) A method of wrapping a perm that is suitable for very long hair is the:

 a) double halo method

    b) double tool technique

c) single halo method

   d) straight back method

7) Keratin proteins are made of long chains of __________ linked together end-to-end like beads.

   a) amino acids

     b) peptide bonds

c) cross links

          d) polypeptide acids

8) Hair texture describes the _________ of a single strand of hair and is classified as fine,medium,or course:

   a) length

 b) color

c) curl

       d) diameter

9) Acid waves that process more quickly and produce firmer curls than true acid waves are considered to be __________.

a) alkaline

         b) acid-balanced

                         c) ammonium thioglycolate

               d) sodium hydroxide

10) The perm that is activated by heat created chemically within the product is known as:

       a) endothermic

b) alkaline

     c) exothermic

              d) sodium hydroxide

11) Polypeptide chains are long chains of amino acids joined together by:

      a) hydroxide bonds

b) amino acids

  c) peptide bonds

       d) peptide adhesive

12) A perm activated by an outside source, usually a conventional hood dryer is known as:

   a) exothermic

     b) endothermic

c) disulfide

      d) thioglycolate

13) The bonds that are formed when the sulfur atoms in two adjacent polypeptide chains are joined together are:

a) salt

b) chemical

c) hydrogen

d) disulfide

14) The chemical action of __________ breaks the disulfide bonds and softens the hair.

a) ammonia

              b) hydrogen peroxide

      c) waving lotion

  d) neutralizer

15) When hair has assumed the desired shape, the broken disulfide bonds must be ________ rebonded.

 a) chemically

b) physically

  c) temporarily

          d) semipermanently

16) Straight rods are equal in:

 a) length

     b) diameter

c) width

    d) strength

17) ____________ rods have a small diameter in the center and gradually increase to their largest diameter at the ends, resulting in a tighter curl at the ends, with a loose, wider curl at the scalp.

a) convex

 b) straight

 c) concave

d) colored

18) What type of hair is more fragile, easier to process, and more susceptible to damage from perm services?

a) coarse texture

b) medium texture

c) nonelastic

d) fine hair

19) What type of hair requires more processing than medium or fine hair and may also be more resistant to processing?

a) course hair

b) medium texture

c) nonelastic

d) fine texture

20) All perm wraps begin by sectioning the hair into panels which are further divided into subsections called_________.

a) panels

          b) base sections

        c) base panels

         d) base control

21) Base control refers to the postion of the tool in relation to its __________ and is determined by the angle at which the hair is wrapped

a) panel

          b) base section

        c) base panel

           d) scalp position

22) The basic perm wrap is called a _________ wrap.

     a) curvature perm

  b) bricklay perm

       c) weave technique

d) straight set

23) The ________ wrap creates a movement that curves within sectioned-out panels.

  a) curvature perm

b) bricklay perm

    c) weave technique

d) straight perm

24) The _________ wrap uses zigzag partings to divide base areas.

  a) curvature perm

   b) bricklay perm   

    c) weave technique

d) straight perm

25) When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 45 degrees beyond perpendicular to its base section, it will result in:

a) half-off base

         b) off base placement

         c) on-base placement

         d) on-stem placement

26) When the strand of hair is wrapped at an angle 90 degrees (perpendicular) to its base section, it will resul in:

a) half-off base

         b) off base placement

         c) on-base placement

         d) on-stem placement

27) End wraps are absorbent papers used to ________ of the hair when wrapping and winding the hair on the perm tool.

        a) decrease moisture

b) control ends

     c) control elasticity

       d) decrease elasticity

28) When you place one end wrap on the top of the hair strand and hold it flat, it is called the:

   a) double flat wrap

b) bookend wrap

 c) single flat wrap

d) top-hand wrap

29) When one end paper is folded in half over the hair ends like an envelope, it is called the :

   a) double flat wrap

b) bookend wrap

  c) single flat wrap

 d) top-hand wrap

30) What can be used to determine the actual processing time needed to achieve optimum curl results when giving a perm for the first time on a client?

a) patch test

 b) strand test

   c) porosity test

             d) preliminary test curl

31) If too many ________ bonds are broken in the perming process, the hair will be too weak to hold a firm curl.

      a) disulfide

        b) hydrogen

c) salt

          d) polypeptide

32) Underprocessing is caused by ____________ processing time of the waving lotion.

    a) excessive

      b) increasing

       c) insufficient

d) exact

33) In permanent waving, most of the processing takes place as soon as the solution penetrates the hair, within the first __________ minutes.

a) one to two

b) two to three

c) three to four

d) five to ten

34) The length of time required for the hair strands to absorb the waving lotion and for the hair to re-curl is called:

     a) application time

     b) processing time

c) rinsing time

         d) development time

35) Always rinse perm solution from the hair for at least ___________ minutes before applying he neutralizer.

a) two

b) three

c) four

d) five

36) Some manufacturers recommend the application of a __________ after blotting and before application of the neutralizer.

   a) pre-neutralizing conditioner

b) pre-neutralizing shampoo

   c) post-processing moisturizer

d) post-processing shampoo

37) Neutralization rebuilds the __________ by removing the extra hydrogen bonds created by the waving solution.

a) salt bonds

        b) hydrogen bonds

      c) disulfide bonds

           d) polypeptide chains

38) If the hair is not _________, the hydrogen peroxide in the neutralizer can react with the waving lotion and cause the hair to lighten.

             a) thoroughly shampooed

  b) rinsed properly

       c) lightly shampooed

d) lightly rinsed

39) Relatively weak physical side bonds that are the result of an attraction between opposite charges are __________ bonds.

a) peptide

b) nitrogen

c) oxygen

d) hydrogen

40) An ________ liquid protien conditioner can be applied to the hair and dried under a warm dryer for five minutes or more prior to the neutralization if hair is damaged.

 a) alkaline

      b) emulsified

            c) ammonia-free

d) acidic

41) In neutralization, the bonds in the hair are reformed:

       a) immediately

b) slowly

        c) sporadically

    d) randomly

42) Chemical bonds that join amino acids together to form polypeptide chains are __________ bonds.

  a) hydrogen

 b) nitrogen

c) oxygen

d) peptide

43) Metallic salts leave  coating on the hair that may cause ___________, severe discoloration, or hair breakage.

a) mild order

   b) uneven curls

 c) calcification

  d) smooth curls

44) The measurement of the thickness of a liquid that affects how the fluid flows is known as __________.

     a) heaviness

     b) resistance

  c) viscosity

d) fluidity

45) Perming only a section of the whole head of hair is called:

 a) section perming

     b) spotmatic perming

c) partial perming

d) limited perming

46) The _________ wrap is used to prevent noticeable splits and to blend the flow of the hair.

       a) curvature perm

    b) bricklay perm

 c) spiral perm

d) basic perm

47) The ________ wrap is done at an angle that causes the hair to spiral along the length of the tool, like the grip on a tennis racquet.

a) spiral

        b) croquignole

 c) brickly

        d) barber pole

48) When performing a procedure for a preliminary test curl, wrap one tool in each different area of the head including the top, the side, and the:

 a) bang

    b) temple

 c) nape

     d) occipital

49) In oder to make a smooth transition from the roller section of the head to the unrolled section, use a larger tool for the last tool next to an unrolled section when giving a __________.

         a) curvature perm

    b) partial perm

   c) spiral perm

d) full perm

50) Many male clients are looking for added ___________, fullness, style, and low maintenance that only a perm can provide.

a) color

b) shine

   c) texture

 d) length