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Chapter 2 Vocab
N/A
25
Geography
12th Grade
08/30/2010

Additional Geography Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Agricultural density
Definition

the ratio of the number of farmers to the total amount of land suitable for agriculture

Term
Agricultural revolution 
Definition
the time when human beings first domesticated plants and animals and no longer relied entirely on hunting and gathering
Term
Arithmetic density 
Definition
the total number of people divided by the total land area
Term
Census 
Definition
a complete enumeration of a population
Term
Crude birth rate 
Definition

the total number of live births in a year for every 1,000 people alive in the society

Term
Crude death rate 
Definition
the total number of deaths in a year for every 1,000 people alive the society
Term
Demographic transition
Definition
the process of change in a society’s population from a condition of high crude birth and death rates and low rate of natural increase to a condition of low crude birth and death rates, low rate of natural increase and a higher total population
Term
Demography 
Definition
the scientific study of population characteristics
Term
Dependency ratio 
Definition
the number of people under the age of 15 and over age 64, compared to the number of people active in the labor force
Term
Doubling time 
Definition

the number of years needed to double a population, assuming a constant rate of natural increase

Term
Epidemiologic transition 
Definition
distinctive causes of death in each stage of the demographic transition
Term
Epidemiology 
Definition
branch of medical science concerned with the incidence, distribution, and control of diseases that affect large numbers of people
Term
Ecumene 
Definition
the portion of Earth’s surface occupied by permanent human settlement
Term
Industrial Revolution 
Definition
a series of improvements in industrial technology that transformed the process of manufacturing goods
Term
Infant mortality rate 
Definition
the total number of deaths in a year among infants under one year old for every 1.000 live births in a society
Term
Life expectancy 
Definition
the average number of years an individual can be expected to live, given current social, economic, and medical conditions. Life expectancy at birth is the average number of years a newborn infant can expect to live
Term
Medical Revolution 
Definition

medical technology invented in Europe and North American that is diffused to the poorer countries of Latin America, Asia, and Africa. Improved medical practices have eliminated many of the traditional causes of death in poorer countries and enabled more people to live longer and healthier lives

Term
Natural increase rate
Definition

the percentage growth of a population in a year, computed as the crude birth rate minus the crude death rate

Term
Overpopulation 
Definition
the number of people in an area exceeds the capacity of the environment to support life at a decent standard of living
Term
Pandemic 
Definition
disease that occurs over a wide geographic area and affects a very high proportion of the population
Term

Physiological density 

Definition

the number of people per unit of area of arable land, which is land suitable for agriculture

Term

Population pyramid 

Definition

a bar graph representing the distribution of population by age and sex

Term
Total fertility rate 
Definition
the average number of children a woman will have throughout her childbearing years
Term

Sex ratio 

Definition

the number of males per 100 females in the population

Term
Zero population growth 
Definition
a decline of the total fertility rate to the point where the natural increase rate equals zero
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