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| document of expressed powers |
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| Declaration of Independence |
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| passed on July 4, 1776 to announce America's freedom from Britain |
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| unalienable rights in which the Declaration of Independence defined as "Life, Liberty, and the Pursuit of Happiness" |
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| government gains legitimacy through regular elections in which people elect them |
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| powers of government are restricted to protect against tyranny |
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| Articles of Confederation |
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| first U.S. attempt at a government that was replaced by the Constitution |
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| 1786 event where farmers destroyed courthouses to counterract foreclosures |
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| contains 27 amendments and was ratified in 1791; Supreme Law of the Land |
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| this rule allows for Congress to regulate commerce among many states and serves as a base for many legislations passed |
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| Congress can pass any law related to one of its expressed powers |
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| smaller states at the Constitutional Conventions offered this plan in which each state would receive equal representation in national legislature, regardless of size |
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| larger states at the Conventions proposed a plan in which national legislature representatives depended on state sizes; other measures they had included strengthening the national government |
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| Congress would have two houses (Senate and House of Reps.); the Senate would have two people per sate and the Housed number would be based on population |
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| citizens can't be thrown into jail without due process |
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| the division of government power across judicial, executive, and legislative branches |
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| system in which each branch of government has some powers over others |
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| a government representative of the people |
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| states' decision during the Constitutional Convention to count each slave as 3/5 of a person for determining the number of House districts per state based on population |
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| those who favored a strong, central government over large state rule |
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| favored strong state governments |
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| 85 articles written by Alexander Hamilton, John Jay, and James Madison which sought to ssway public opinion toward the Federalist position |
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| first ten amendments of the Constitution to protect individual rights and liberties |
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| right to be treated equally under the law |
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| 1803; Congress and Presidential laws could be deemed unconstitutional by Supreme Court |
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| Supreme Court's power to strike down a law or executive branch action that it finds unconstitutional |
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