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Chapter 2 JRW
Names, Formulas, and Properties
111
Science
10th Grade
05/22/2008
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Term
IUPAC stands for
 Definition
International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry
Term
Term for compounds that are made up of only two elements
 Definition
binary compounds
Term
When naming a compound, the ending of the name of the second compound must be changed to
 Definition
ide
Term
The type of compounds that make use of prefixes when being named
 Definition
molecular compounds
Term
The prefixes for one through ten
 Definition
mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, oct, nona, deca
Term
When naming a compound which element is named first?
 Definition
The element that is furthest to the left on the periodic table.
Term
System in which Roman numerals are used to indicate the charge on the metal in a compound
 Definition
Stock system
Term
When is the stock system used?
 Definition

when the metal in a compound has more than one possible charge
Term
Compounds containing polyatomic ions (ex. NO3) are classified as what type of compound?
 Definition
ionic compounds
Term
MgBr2
 Definition
magnesium bromide
Term
KHSO4
 Definition
potassium hydrogensulfate
Term
(NH4)3PO4
 Definition
ammonium phosphate
Term
Ca(OH)2
 Definition
calcium hydroxide
Term
CF4
 Definition
carbon tetrafluoride
Term
H20
 Definition
water
Term
NH3
 Definition
ammonia
Term
CH4
 Definition

methane
Term
CH3OH
 Definition
methanol
Term
PH3
 Definition
phosphorous trihydride
Term
P4O10
 Definition
tetraphosporous decaoxide
Term
PCl3
 Definition
phosphorous trichloride
Term
N2F4
 Definition
dinitrogen tetrafluoride
Term
O2F2
 Definition
dioxygen difluoride
Term
P2O5
 Definition
diphosphorous pentaoxide
Term
CaSO4
 Definition

calcium sulfate
Term
KNO3
 Definition
potassium nitrate
Term
MgI2
 Definition
magnesium iodide
Term
phosphorus pentachloride
 Definition
PCl5
Term
sulfur hexafluoride
 Definition
SF6
Term
nitrogen trifluoride
 Definition
NF3
Term
Silicon tetrafluoride
 Definition
SiF4
Term
silver phosphate
 Definition
Ag3PO4
Term
manganese (II) dichromate
 Definition
MnCr2O7
Term
sodium perchlorate
 Definition
NaClO4
Term

cobalt (II) permanganate

 Definition
Co(MnO4)2
Term
K2CO3
 Definition
potassium carbonate
Term
NaOH
 Definition
sodium hydroxide
Term
When do you not use the prefix mono when naming a molecular compound?
 Definition
do not use mono for the first element
Term
NaNO3
 Definition
sodium nitrate
Term
CaSO4
 Definition
calcium sulfate
Term
CuHCO3
 Definition
copper  (I) hydrogencarbonate
Term

Cu(OH)2

 Definition
copper (II) hydroxide
Term
magnesium sulfate
 Definition
MgSO4
Term
sodium phosphate
 Definition
Na3PO4
Term
ammonium hydroxide
 Definition
NH4OH
Term
copper (II) nitrate
 Definition
Cu(NO2)2
Term
Sr(ClO2)2
 Definition
strontium chlorite
Term
Ba(CH3COO)2
 Definition
barium acetate
Term
Ca(IO3)2
 Definition
calcium iodate
Term
Na2Cr2O7
 Definition
sodium dichromate
Term
KSCN
 Definition
potassium thiocyanate
Term
FeSO4
 Definition
iron (II) sulfate
Term
ammonium chloride
 Definition
NH4Cl
Term
sodium hydrogensulfite
 Definition
NaHSO3
Term
potassium dihydrogenphosphate
 Definition
KH2PO4
Term
calcium sulfite
 Definition
CaSO3
Term
nickel (II) phosphate
 Definition
Ni3(PO4)2
Term
SO2
 Definition
sulfur dioxide
Term
SO3
 Definition
sulfur trioxide
Term
OF2
 Definition
oxygen difluoride
Term
O2F2
 Definition
dioxygen difluoride
Term
sulfur difluride
 Definition
SF2
Term

sulfur tetrafluoride

 Definition
SF4
Term
CCl4
 Definition
carbon tetrachloride
Term
SF2
 Definition
sulfur difluoride
Term
CO
 Definition
carbon monoxide
Term
PCl5
 Definition
phosphorus pentachloride
Term
These compounds have regular crystalline shapes with flat sides.
 Definition
ionic compounds
Term
These compounds have high melting points.
 Definition
ionic compounds
Term
These compounds are always solid at room temperature.
 Definition
ionic compounds
Term
These compounds conduct electricity when dissolved in water, but not in the solid state.
 Definition
ionic compounds
Term
These compounds have fairly low melting points.
 Definition
molecular compounds
Term

Most of these compounds do not conduct electricity even when dissolved in water.

 Definition
molecular compounds
Term
These have a sour taste.
 Definition

acids
Term
These have a bitter taste and a slippery feel.
 Definition
bases
Term
Arrhenius defined an acid as a substance that releases ______ when dissolved in water.
 Definition
H+ ions
Term
Arrhenius defined bases as substances that release _______ when dissolved in water.
 Definition
OH- ions
Term
These are used to determine if a substance is an acid or a base.
 Definition
acid-base indicators
Term

The strength of an acid or base is measured using

 Definition
the pH scale
Term
pH stands for
 Definition
power of hydrogen
Term
An acid will turn _____ litmus paper ____.
 Definition
blue to red
Term
A base will turn ______ litmus paper ______.
 Definition
red to blue
Term
How much stronger is a substance with a pH of 5 than one with a pH of 6?
 Definition
10 times stronger
Term
How much stronger is a substance with a pH of 11 than a pH of 9?
 Definition
100 times stronger
Term
On the pH scale, acids have numbers
 Definition
less than 7
Term
On the pH scale bases have numbers
 Definition
greater than 7
Term
On the pH scale, a neutral substance has a pH of
 Definition
7
Term
Using the pH scale, how do you know if one acid is stronger than another acid?
 Definition
stronger acids have pH values closer to 0 weaker acids have pH values closer to 7
Term
Using the pH scale, how do you know if one base is stronger than another base?
 Definition
stronger bases have pH values closer to 14 weaker bases have pH values closer to 7
Term
This occurs when water is added to either an acid or a base.
 Definition
dilution
Term
When water is added to an acid or a base what happens to the acid or base?
 Definition

it becomes weaker
Term
What is it called when an acid and a base are added together?
 Definition
neutralization
Term
When an acid and a base are added together what happens to the pH?
 Definition
it gets closer to 7
Term
When an acid and a base are added together what two things are always produced?
 Definition
water and a salt
Term
nitric acid
 Definition
HNO3 (aq)
Term
iodic acid
 Definition
HIO3 (aq)
Term
hydroiodic acid
 Definition
HI (aq)
Term
H3PO4 (aq)
 Definition
phosporic acid
Term
H3BO3 (aq)
 Definition
boric acid
Term
H2CrO4 (aq)
 Definition
chromic acid
Term
ammonium hydroxide
 Definition
NH4OH (aq)
Term
sodium hydroxide
 Definition
NaOH (aq)
Term
magnesium hydroxide
 Definition
Mg(OH)2 (aq)
Term
potassium hydroxide
 Definition
KOH (aq)
Term
H2CO3 (aq) - acid or base and name
 Definition

acid

carbonic acid
Term
LiOH (aq) - acid or base and name
 Definition

base

lithium hydroxide
Term
HNO2 (aq) - acid or base and name
 Definition

acid

nitrous acid
Term
HF (aq) - acid or base and name
 Definition

acid

hydrofluoric acid
Term
The type of bond between molecules
 Definition
intermolecular bonds
Term
The type of bond within molecules
 Definition
intramolecular bonds
Term
The type of bond that holds water molecules to other water molecules
 Definition
hydrogen bond
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